SAC18 Circuit Protection

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Surge suppressing circuit (SAC) is a kind of passive protection circuit designed to protect the sensitive electronic equipment from the power supply. It uses TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) diodes to limit the surge and surge voltage level, allowing enough energy to protect the system without causing a threat to short circuit the system.

The SAC18 (Surge Suppressing Circuit 18) was designed to meet the power supply needs of high voltage systems. It utilizes a suite of components including MOSFETs, connecting diodes, capacitors, and TVS diodes to avoid any interference caused by spikes in the supply voltage. The components are connected in a series between the power source and the load, allowing for a current-limiting design, which reduces the power output of the circuit if a high-voltage transient occurs.

A TVS diode is used in the SAC18 to protect sensitive electronics from any high voltage surges. A TVS diode is a specifically designed semiconductor component designed to breakdown when the voltage applied to it exceeds the diode\'s reverse breakdown voltage. This voltage is usually greater than 500 volts, but can be designed to handle higher voltages. When a high voltage surge occurs, the diode will provide a path to ground and dissipate the excess energy, preventing damage to the system.

The working principle of the SAC18 is very simple. A surge in the power supply will cause the TVS diodes to clamp the voltage at the desired level and protect the sensitive electronic components. The amount of current that is allowed to pass through the diode is determined by the size of the diode and its breakdown voltage. The voltage will be clamped at a predetermined voltage that is below the breakdown voltage of the diode. This predetermined voltage is determined by the size of the capacitors that are connected in the same series as the diode.

Once the surge voltage passes through the TVS diode, the excess energy is dissipated by the capacitors, preventing damage to the sensitive electronic components. The capacitors also increase the voltage signal and ensure that the circuit operates at the desired voltage level. The size of the capacitors also determines the frequency of the signal, which is important when dealing with high voltage applications.

The SAC18 is effective at protecting sensitive electronics from high voltage transients. The TVS diode and capacitors act together to provide a low impedance path for the current and absorb the excess energy, allowing the system to operate safely. The components are carefully chosen and designed to provide optimal performance and reliability.

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