What is the mainstream sensor technology in the car？
Unmanned driving technology is actually very mature now. At the current level of technology, if the complex traffic conditions of a large city are turned into a laboratory-specific pattern, there are vehicles with unified standards and pedestrians in normal conditions in the scene Then, without a steering wheel, a car that will automatically travel all the way will be available now.
The problem lies in how a car can know the complex traffic conditions in reality, and how it can be as flexible as human eyes and brains. The key lies in the need to cooperate with a variety of sensors. They will eventually pass the monitored data to high-precision processors, identify roads, signs and pedestrians, and make decisions such as acceleration, steering, and braking.
Vision sensor
ADAS uses the camera as the main sensor because the camera resolution is higher than other sensors, which can obtain enough environmental details to help the vehicle to recognize the environment. The car camera can depict the appearance and shape of objects, read signs, etc. These functions are other The sensor cannot do it. From the perspective of cost reduction, the camera is one of the powerful candidates for identification sensors. Of course, the camera is the best choice under all clear conditions, but it is greatly affected by environmental factors and external factors, such as insufficient light in the tunnel and weather factors. The resulting narrowing of vision, etc.
Important tools for collecting image information, some functions such as road sign recognition, lane line sensing and other functions are intelligently realized by the camera. At present, the main applications of cameras are: monocular cameras, rear-view cameras, stereo cameras or binocular cameras, and surround-view cameras. According to the global demand for more than 80 million new vehicles and 6-8 cameras for bicycles in 2015, the overall future demand is expected Over 600 million, corresponding to 100 billion market space.
Vision algorithms are indispensable in the ADAS technical route. Active sensors such as millimeter-wave radars are less dependent on the algorithm, the algorithm is relatively simple, and passive sensors such as cameras are highly dependent on the algorithm. Generally, they are provided by third-party companies. For example, visual algorithm company Mobileye.
Before Tesla and Mobileye terminated cooperation, Mobileye provided a standard sensor installation method + map data cloud service + software system platform construction, but Tesla wanted to optimize the self-driving experience through the crowdsourcing mode of collecting data online. EyeQ3 chips limited Tesla builds its own map, so Tesla will develop its own image algorithms and image processing chips in the future.
However, Mobileye still occupies 90% of the market share with several products. This Israeli company is equivalent to BAT in the local rivers and lakes. Algorithms and hardware are the core of the ADAS system and the core competitiveness of Mobileye. Mobileye stands at the top of ADAS and throws out several competitors. ADAS and traditional car vision products have different software technologies and hardware requirements. It is not easy for traditional car electronics companies to enter the ADAS market. It takes at least 3 or 4 years for the domestic team to complete the preliminary technology accumulation.
Of course, in order to improve the accuracy of environmental perception, usually a combination of multiple sensors is required, and ultimately a stable and durable solution is provided. The most typical ones are millimeter wave radar, lidar and car cameras. Other ultrasonic technology and infrared technology and the algorithm fusion of these technologies will bring a huge market to the sensor industry. However, there is no doubt that in the past few years that the car has been fully intelligent, the sensor industry chain should be the first to obtain revenue.
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