MAL214635102E3

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Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors: MAL214635102E3 Application Field & Working Principle

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are a type of capacitor that uses an electrolyte made of an aqueous solution to create the electrical storage effect. They are electrochemical components consisting of two metal plates, an insulating layer, and an electrolyte. The two metal plates are typically made of aluminum foil or a combination of aluminum and tantalum. The insulating layer is generally made of a paper, plastic material or another ceramic material. Based on the materials used for the two metal plates, electrolytic capacitors are usually categorized into Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors (AECs) and Tantalum Electrolytic Capacitors (TECs).

As the name implies, an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is constructed with aluminum foils or aluminum plus tantalum foils as the two metal plates. In most cases, it is made with aluminum foil as the lower plate and aluminum oxide as the dielectric layer. The surface of the aluminum foil is anodized to generate a layer of aluminum oxide which then acts as the dielectric. The upper plate is then disposed between the aluminum foil and the electrolyte. In order for the capacitor to store charge, aluminum electrolytes are injected between the two layers. MAL214635102E3 (AEC) is widely used in electronic circuits, cellular phones, computers, and various consumer electronics.

AECs can vary in different sizes and capacitance. The capacitance of an AEC depends on the size and dielectric thickness. From the outside, it looks like two wire wound capacitors connected in series and shares the same casing. The typical capacitance of an AEC is relatively large, ranging from 10µF to 10,000µF. However, it can maintain an operating voltage range of only 6.3 V to 500 V, which is relatively lower compared to other components such as resistors, inductors, etc.

The working principle of an AEC is quite simple. It essentially works like a regular diode: it has two terminals, one is going to collect electrons and the other will send them out. When a voltage is applied on the two terminals, positive charges will be drawn into the terminal with a negative voltage and negative charges will released from the terminal with a positive voltage. The positive charges are then attracted to the cathode of anode. As the charges accumulate on the electrolyte, electric energy will be stored inside the capacitor.

AECs are widely used in electronic circuits due to their low leakage current and higher capacitance which enable them to regulate currents efficiently. Moreover, they can also provide an operating temperature range from -20°C to 85°C. AECs also offer excellent stability, low ESR, low self-discharge, fast charge/discharge time constant, and long shelf life. They are also used in high-frequency and high-current applications as they have a higher ripple capability than other types of capacitors.

In conclusion, aluminum electrolytic capacitors such as the MAL214635102E3 are widely used in various types of electronic circuits. They offer a wide range of advantages including low leakage current, temperature range operation, fast response, high capacitance, and excellent stability. AECs are one of the most popular components in the market as they provide a reliable performance and an efficient capacitance for both high-frequency and high-current applications.

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