UPW1C121MED1TA

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Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are an important class of capacitor used in electronic equipment in various environmental conditions. They are composed of two metal plates, an electrolyte solution, and a dielectric material. The metal plates are usually made of aluminum but may be constructed from other materials. The electrolyte solution is typically a polar or semi-polar liquid, often an alkaline solution. The dielectric material is usually a paper, film, or ceramic mixture.

The structure of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is relatively simple. In most cases, the anode and cathode plates are formed of aluminum or other metal layers which are laminated with a dielectric material such as a plastic film or paper. The electrolyte is an alkaline solution, usually potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, though other solutions may be used. The capacitor is sealed in a metal container, usually made of aluminum, and is often sealed with a threaded cap.

The working principle of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is based on the electrochemical action between two plates of the aluminum metal and the alkaline electrolyte solution. The positively charged aluminum plate attracts negatively charged ions from the electrolyte, creating an electric charge. The electric charge induces a corresponding electric field between the plates, which is manifested as capacitance. This capacitance is defined as the ratio of the charge stored on the plates to the applied electric potential.

The performance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is determined by the construction of the plates, the nature of the electrolyte, the dielectric material, and the temperature at which the capacitor operates. Depending on its composition, an aluminum electrolytic capacitor may have higher capacitance and better frequency performance than other types of capacitors. When compared to other capacitors, aluminum electrolytic capacitors tend to have long-term stability and can handle high-frequency signals, making them well-suited for use in high-frequency applications such as radio frequency (RF) circuits. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are also frequently used in applications where high operating temperatures are encountered, as they have excellent heat resistance.

The use of aluminum electrolytic capacitors in specific applications depends on its performance characteristics, which includes capacitance, voltage, energy, ESR, ripple current, and rate of self-discharge. Both the anode and cathode plates of aluminum electrolytic capacitors are usually polarized, meaning they must be connected to the circuit with a specified polarity to ensure proper operation. It is also important to be aware of the temperature specifications and derating considerations for aluminum electrolytic capacitors, as the capacitance and other characteristics of the capacitor can be impacted by higher operating temperatures.

UPW1C121MED1TA is a type of aluminum electrolytic capacitor developed by a company called KEMET. It is constructed with a hermetically sealed metal case, metal leads, and an aluminum anode. It has a maximum capacitance of 120 µF and a rated voltage of 25 VDC. The product boasts a dissipation factor (DF) of 0.25% and an effective series resistance (ESR) of 0.1 mΩ. Its low ESR and high capacitance make it well suited for power management applications, such as voltage regulation, power conversion, and filtering. Additionally, the product offers a long life expectancy, with a rated lifetime of 2000 hours at 85°C.

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