PC16550DN

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The PC16550DN is a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) chip used in a variety of applications from embedded microprocessors to PC-based systems. It is used to provide a convenient interface for applications requiring bidirectional asynchronous serial data communication.

The PC16550DN is a \'smart\' UART, meaning it contains additional circuitry that enables it to perform much of the necessary serial communication processing automatically, reducing the amount of external components that need to be incorporated onto the PCB. The additional logic allows faster data rates and wider range of baud rates than regular UARTs.

The PC16550DN integrates an 8-bit receiver and an 8-bit transmitter, input and output FIFOs, and an address decoder. The FIFOs are 16-bytes deep for each transmitter and receiver and act as an interface buffer that increases the throughput of the UART. This means that the CPU does not have to manage the serial data transactions at a byte-by-byte basis, but can instead read and write data in blocks. The FIFOs also reduce the interrupts generated by the UART, allowing the CPU to more efficiently manage system resources.

The PC16550DN also supports automatic hardware-controlled flow control. Flow control is used in certain conditions where the sender and receiver must maintain a certain data rate so that the receiver is not overwhelmed with data. The two main types of flow control used are RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) and XON/XOFF. RTS/CTS is where the sender sends an RTS signal to the receiver which in turn replies with a CTS, indicating that it is ready to accept data. The hardware-controlled flow control keeps the transmitter from overrunning the receiver during periods of high traffic. The XON/XOFF protocol requires the transfer protocols of the sender and receiver to agree upon a control character that signals when the receiver is ready to accept or send data.

The PC16550DN also provides improved error handling and modem control, as well as polarity reversal detection. It is able to detect and handle input errors such as framing, overrun, and parity errors. It also has the ability to automatically retransmit erroneous data until it is successfully transmitted. Additionally, the PC16550DN has 6-pin modem control port, which enables it to connect to external modems. It is capable of detecting and responding to signals such as RING, RING-INDICATE, DATA-CARRIER-DETECT, and four data-rates.

All these features in the PC16550DN make it a potent and versatile UART chip, suitable for a wide range of applications. It\'s available in various packages, and can be used with various microcontrollers and Processors, and is the perfect choice for embedded controls and PC communications.

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