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Rectangular Connectors - Housings

Rectangular connectors - housings are used to seal electronic connections and to isolate electrical pathways. They are made of two or more shells that contain various pins or contact points within. These components are fabricated from materials such as metal, plastic, or rubber and designed to fit a specific application.

The type of connector material chosen should be based on the application requirements. Metal connectors offer better protection from electrical hazards and durability. They are typically used in industrial and military applications. Plastic connectors are lighter, often less expensive, and work best when electricity is not involved. They are typically used in consumer and medical applications.

Connectors come in several shapes and sizes. Common housings include D-sub, BNC, RJ45, and banana plug. D-sub connectors are designed with a metal shield to protect and ensure good electrical grounding. BNC connectors, with their small form factor and minimal contact force, are used in high-performance RF, microwave, and telecom applications. RJ45 connectors are most recognized for use with Ethernet networks, while banana plugs offer convenient connections to power supplies and electrical testing.

Generally, the contact points on the housing are designed to touch one another securely when their shells are connected. The design of the contacts must be appropriate for the application, as it affects the electrical connection’s dropout performance and its ability to prevent stress on contact points. Contacts can be copper or gold-plated brass and they are usually electronically ballasted for insulation.

The housings can also feature a housing lining which provides protection against environmental influences. Examples of housing linings include plastics, epoxide, rubberized material, and polypropylene. Depending upon the insulation requirements, the lining can have a thickness or coating that prevents electrical shock and corrosion.

Functionality of the connector is dependent upon the shell design and contact points. The contact points are typically attached to a contact frame and have a spring-like design which varies between housings. The contact frame and contact points may also have a wire-wrapping feature depending on the application.

The working principle of the connector is to provide an electrical connection between the front side of the housing and the rear side through coupling of the contact points and tensioned shells. The contact points are designed to touch one another securely when the shells are connected, creating an electrical path for the current to flow. The tensioned shells maintain the contact points’ secure connection, even when subject to force or vibration.

Connector housings can be constructed in different shapes and sizes to fit the requirements of different applications. This is why it is important to select the correct housing for a particular application. It should be noted that some housings may be interchangeable between different types of cables or connectors when they have the same shell and contact type.

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