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FFC, FPC (Flat Flexible) Connectors are popularly employed for connecting electric components and boards. Originally invented to help reduce the size of electronics, these connectors are now increasingly used due to their suitability in areas such as data communications, consumer products and automotive applications. Understanding the applications and working principle of FFC, FPC connectors is invaluable when it comes to designing and using them.

Connecting Through Engaging Methods

FFC, FPC connectors are distinguished from other types of flat-ribbon connectors by the means in which the contact is made. Rather than having parallel pins, their contact between flat cables is made usually by engaging them together through force-fit, ZIF (zero insertion force) or wedge methods. The means of contact depends largely on the requirements of the application.

Force-fit Connectors

Often referred to as ‘snap-on’ connectors, force-fit connectors are designed to connect with a simple action. With this method, the contacts fit together through a friction lock. Force-fit connectors are easy to operate with a one-handed push or pull. Usually, the wires come already connected to the board and the ends of the connector are ready to be snapped into place. These connectors are ideal for applications such as movement-sensing devices that require short connections, or for applications where there are frequent connections and disconnections, such as hand-held tools.

Zero Insertion Force Connectors

Zero insertion force (ZIF) connectors have a special ‘latch’ mechanism that requires a lever to open and close the contact area. This means that there is no force required to make the connection and allows repeated connections and disconnections without damaging the contacts. This type of connector is ideal for applications where reconfiguration is necessary as the contacts can be easily manipulated with little effort.

Wedge Connectors

Wedge connectors are the most common type of connector and are generally used for lower force applications. These connectors have two sets of contacts – one on each side of the board – that push the contacts together when the two sides are brought together. Wedge connectors are usually the most cost-effective option and are a good solution for tight spaces.

Applications of FFC/FPC Connectors

FFC, FPC connectors are increasingly being used in data communications, consumer products and automotive applications due to their ease of use and reliability. In data communications, the connectors are often used to connect network cables to routers or to computers. Their low-profile sizes make them suitable for use in consumer electronics and automotive applications such as keyless entry systems.

Working Principle of FFC/FPC Connectors

FFC, FPC connectors are designed to firmly connect two or more electric circuits. The working principle of FFC, FPC connectors is quite straightforward. A contact is made by placing two or more conductive elements (usually two metal contacts) in direct contact with each other. The electric current is then passed through the conductors, resulting in a connection. The contact can be made through force-fit, ZIF or wedge methods, depending on the application.

Conclusion

FFC, FPC connectors are highly valuable components when it comes to connecting electric components and boards. The ease of use and reliability of these connectors make them suitable for use in a wide range of applications. Their contact methods, which include force-fit, ZIF and wedge methods, all depend on the specific requirements of the application. With the right knowledge and understanding of their applications and working principle, FFC, FPC connectors can be used effectively to achieve results.

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