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A rotary switch is a switch that makes or breaks an electrical connection by rotating the knob. Its application field and working principle are complex and interesting.

Rotary switches are widely used in telecommunications and measurement applications. They are also used in automotive and industrial switchgear, allowing operators to select among a range of voltages or currents.

The main working principle behind rotary switches works like this. A shaft is connected to a small contact rotor (or "spindle"). The contact rotor turns when a user turns the handle or knob of the switch. This movement of the contact rotor causes electrical contacts to open and close, depending on the orientation and number of the contact rotor’s terminals.

Often, the different contact rotor positions are marked with numbers, numbers and letters, or symbols. In addition, there can be multiple poles and throws (positions) in a rotary switch, and often a switch can have multiple sections of poles and throws, depending on the application.

Broadly speaking, there are two types of rotary switches - multi-pole, multi-position (MPMP) switches, and single-pole, multi-position (SPMP) switches.

MPMP switches are rotary switches that offer several poles and several throws. They are able to handle heavier loads than single-pole switches, and are the perfect choice for applications that require multiple circuits to be switched. Each contact of the multi-pole section of the switch connects and disconnects the appropriate terminal of several circuits simultaneously.

Single-pole switches, on the other hand, are rotary switches that provide one set of poles and throws. They are ideal for applications that require the control of only one circuit. Each contact of the single-pole switch connects and disconnects the appropriate terminal of a single circuit or set of circuits. Additionally, they can be used in tandem with a number of other single-pole switches to build a multi-pole switch.

Additionally, rotary switches can vary greatly in size, shape, and the number of poles and throws they offer. Some switches are enclosed in a case, while others are left open. Some are designed to be mounted on a panel, while others can be mounted directly onto a printed circuit board.

Rotary switches can be used in a wide variety of applications and are one of the most commonly used types of switches in both commercial and industrial applications. Typically, they are used to switch voltage, current, resistive and inductive loads. And lastly, they tend to be highly reliable and durable, often having a long service life.

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