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A Rotary Potentiometer, also known as a rheostat or slider, is a variable resistance device that is used to control the flow of current in an electronic circuit. The two primary components of a rotary potentiometer or rheostat are the armature and the contact. The armature is a copper conductor with an increase in resistance over the radius of the armature. The contact is a stationary metal piece that completes the circuit when contacted by the armature.Rotary Potentiometers can be used for a wide variety of applications, such as motor speed control, audio volume control, digital and analog position sensing, and liquid level sensing. In motor control, the rotary potentiometer is used to vary the voltage level across the motor. This voltage level changes the speed of the motor, which can be used to control the speed and direction.In audio applications, the rotary potentiometer is used to adjust the volume. As the armature turns, the resistance changes, which allows more or less current to flow through the circuit and adjusts the volume.The most common application of rotary potentiometers is in position and displacement sensing. These devices can be used to monitor the position of a mechanical device, such as an actuator, or the displacement of an object, such as a car window. The armature is connected to the object being monitored. As the object moves, the resistance across the rotary potentiometer changes, allowing for accurate measurement of the object\'s movement.In liquid level sensing, the rotary potentiometer is used to detect the level of a liquid. The rotary potentiometer has two contacts that are calibrated to detect specific levels of the liquid. As the level of the liquid changes, the resistance between the contacts also changes, providing an accurate measure of the liquid\'s level.The working principle of a rotary potentiometer or rheostat is based on the Ohm\'s Law. This law states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it. In a rotary potentiometer, the current flowing through the armature is determined by the resistance at the contact. As the resistance increases, the voltage across the resistor increases, which in turn increases the current flow. This allows the rotary potentiometer to be used to accurately measure and control the flow of current.Rotary potentiometers or rheostats are simple yet reliable devices that are widely used in many different applications. They are used to control the flow of current, measure displacement, and detect liquid levels. With proper selection and use, these devices can provide accurate and reliable performance in a variety of applications.

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