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Fixed inductors are electrical components are used mainly in power circuits and signal processing applications, especially in low-voltage systems. They are used to increase and maintain the energy stored in the circuit, ensuring the reliable operation of the system.

There are two main types of fixed inductors, which include the air core and ferrite core inductors. Air core inductors are made up of a coil wound around a core of air. This makes them very lightweight and inexpensive to manufacture, but their shape or size cannot be altered. Ferrite core inductors are made up of a coil wrapped around a core of ferrite, which is a type of ceramic material. Ferrite core inductors can easily be re-shaped or have their size altered, making them versatile and popular for many types of applications.

Inductors are used in a variety of applications. In power circuits, they are typically used in power transformers, motor drives, power filters, and more. In signal processing applications, they are typically used in filters, repeaters, and in amplifier circuits. Inductors are also useful for converting AC to DC power, where the inductor stores energy and allows it to be released when needed.

Inductors work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. This is based on the fact that when a magnetic field cuts through a coil of wire, it induces a current in the wire. This current then produces a magnetic field of its own, which will interact with the original magnetic field to create another current in the wire. This is known as Faraday’s Law of Magnetic Electromotive Force or simply as inductance.

Inductance is an important characteristic of inductors, as it describes how much amperage or voltage is induced in the coil after a magnetic field of a certain strength has been applied. The higher the inductance of the inductor, the more current it will produce when the same magnetic field is applied. Inductors generally come with an inductance ranging from 100uH (microhenries) to 2mH (millihenries).

The most common types of inductors are the radial inductors and the axial inductors. Radial inductors have the coil wound around the core in a cylindrical shape, while axial ones have the coil wound around the axis of the core in a circular fashion. Both types of inductors are used in power circuits, and both have their advantages and disadvantages. Radial inductors are often more robust and reliable than axial inductors, but they tend to be more expensive.

Another type of inductor is the air core inductor, which does not have a core at all. Air core inductors are cheaper to manufacture than their ferrite core counterparts, but their inductance is much lower. They are also not as robust as ferrite core inductors, and as a result they are not usually used in high voltage or high power applications.

Fixed inductors are a crucial component in any power or signal processing circuit, and understanding their working principle is essential to ensure that the system functions reliably. Different types of inductors serve different purposes, and the correct one for the job depends on the application.

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