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Fixed inductors are, as the name suggests, electrical components that are designed to provide a fixed inductance. This means that the inductance remains virtually unchanged over the specified operating frequency range and temperature. Inductors have a variety of uses in a variety of applications and are used in both AC and DC circuits.

The basic principle of an inductor is that of current ‘’self-induced’’ or mutual induced between two windings of an inductor. When a current is passed through one winding, a magnetic field is created in the core material of the inductor, this magnetic field then induces an electromotive force in the second winding, resulting in a current flow in the opposite direction. It is this ‘’back-emf’’ that is known as inductance and it is this principle which is used when creating an inductor.

In order to create an inductor of a specific inductance value, the wire lengths, the core material, and the number of turns must all be taken into consideration. The core material of an inductor is typically created from a ferrite material, which is a magnetic material composed of iron oxide with a specific viscosity and porosity. The shape and size of the core also have an effect on the inductance of the inductor, with smaller cores typically providing higher inductance values.

The number of turns in an inductor also has a direct effect on its inductance. The more turns there are, the greater the amount of inductance, with a higher number of turns providing greater inductance values and therefore increasing the energy storage in the inductor. Additionally, the type of wire used when winding an inductor is also important, as this affects the amount of inductance that the component is able to achieve.

In addition to having a range of inductance values, fixed inductors can also have a variety of polarization configurations. There are several common configurations including axial, radial, and multi-pin. Axial inductors have a single lead on each end and are suitable for applications with a high current rating. Radial inductors have 2 leads on each end and are designed for applications that require less current. Multi-pin inductors have multiple pins which are used to connect several circuits.

Fixed inductors provide several advantages over other components such as capacitors and resistors. Firstly, they are able to provide a constant and stable inductance value, even over a wide range of operating temperatures and frequencies. Secondly, they are able to store energy for long periods of time, making them particularly useful in applications such as low-power and high-speed digital circuits. Additionally, they are relatively inexpensive compared to other components.

Fixed inductors are commonly used in a range of applications including audio, consumer electronics, power supplies, telecommunications, and automotive electronics. In these applications, the inductor is used to filter out unwanted noise, to provide a stable voltage, to store energy, or to achieve gain in oscillation circuits. Additionally, inductors are used in switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) to filter out noise from the power rail and improve the power quality of the system.

In conclusion, fixed inductors are electrical components that are designed to provide a constant inductance value over a specified operating range. They are typically constructed using a magnetic core material and must have a specific wire length, number of turns, and shape in order to achieve the desired inductance value. Fixed inductors are commonly used in audio, consumer electronics, power supplies, telecommunications, automotive electronics and SMPS. They are relatively inexpensive and provide numerous advantages, such as energy storage and low noise levels.

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