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Backplane connectors can be categorized into several different standard types. The most common are Hard Metric and Standard connectors. Each of these have different applications and working principles.

Hard Metric Connectors

Hard Metric Connectors are a type of backplane connectors used in personal computer motherboards, industrial computing applications and other high-speed digital interconnects. Hard Metric connectors use a differential signaling pair of contacts to transmit data, making them suitable for high-speed data applications. They also typically have provisions for strain relief, allowing for a durable, reliable connection. The mating of Hard Metric connectors requires special tooling due to their unique design.

Standard Connectors

Standard Connectors are a type of backplane connector mainly used in embedded applications with slower data rates. Standard connectors are simpler, less expensive, and easier to mate than Hard Metric connectors. They use a single contact pair to transmit data signals, but there is typically no provision for strain relief. As a result, Standard connectors are not recommended for high-speed data applications that require reliable connections.

Working Principles

The working principles of Hard Metric and Standard backplane connectors are relatively similar. Both use a single contact pair to transmit data signals. With Hard Metric connectors, the contact pair is differential in nature, providing better performance at higher data rates. With Standard Connectors, the contact pair is single-ended, providing less reliable performance at higher data rates.

Applications

The applications of Hard Metric and Standard connectors differ greatly. Hard Metric connectors are mainly used in high-data-rate, high-data-density applications, such as personal computer motherboards and industrial computing applications. They provide superior signal integrity and reliability. Standard connectors, on the other hand, are mainly used in applications where the data rate is slower and the data density is lower. Examples include embedded applications such as consumer electronics and portable memory cards.

Conclusion

Backplane connectors come in two main types: Hard Metric and Standard Connectors. Each of these has different applications and working principles. Hard Metric Connectors provide superior signal integrity and reliability for high-speed data applications. Standard Connectors are mainly used in embedded applications with slower data rates. Both types of connectors use a single contact pair to transmit data signals.

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