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188 Application Field and Working Principle

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is one of the display modules which are commonly used in electronic products. It is an electronic display module made up of liquid crystal materials and display electrodes, and a light source such as glass backlight. The display size range is very large, such as mobile phone size, computer monitor size. It is widely used in notebooks, tablet computers, etc. OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) is a organic semiconductor display technology, which does not require a backlight, but emits light itself by applying electricity. It is widely used in mobile phones and other devices, including watches. OLED display module has the advantages of low power consumption, wide viewing angle, fast response and high contrast. Graphic display module is a type of display module made up of small led matrix, which can show various graphics. It is used in device status indicators, message boards, etc.

Working Principle of LCD

The working principle of LCD is to adjust the light transmission of liquid crystals through the application of an electric field. The LCD panel consists of two long parallel electrodes, and a small number of glass substrates which are composed of liquid crystal materials and color filters. When an external voltage is applied on the liquid crystal layer between the two electrodes along the row direction, the liquid crystal molecules between the electrodes generate an electric field, and the molecules are also subject to torque of the electric field, so that their direction changes. The polarizers convert the light in the backlight, and the direction of the liquid crystal molecules affects the direction and degree of transmitted light, thereby changing the brightness and color of the display.

Working Principle of OLED

The working principle of OLED is mainly based on electrochemistry. The OLED display module is composed of organic compounds, and the electrodes are attached to the organic compound. When a direct current (DC) is passed through the organic compound, electrons in the organic compound will be excited and move according to the external electric field, combining with the positively charged holes. As a result, light is emitted. The color of the light emitted is determined by the type of organic compound, and different colors of OLEDs can be produced by using different types of organic compounds.

Working Principle of Graphic Display Module

The working principle of the graphic display module includes two parts, i.e. the driver circuit and the matrix. The driver circuit mainly controls the driving current for the led matrix, and controls the voltage, brightness and other parameters of the matrix. The matrix consists of multiple small leds on printed circuit board (PCB). The matrix can show various graphics, such as letters, numbers, symbols, points, and various animations. During operation, a voltage is applied to each of the led in the matrix, and the brightness of the light emitted is determined by the voltage. By adjusting the voltage applied to each of the leds, the different brightness of the matrix can be achieved, thus forming the desired pattern.

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