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Panel indicators, also known as pilot lights, are designed for visual indication of the operating state of a machine, process or equipment. They are commonly found in industrial control panels, switch panels, and other electrical and electronic control systems.

Panel indicators are generally available in a variety of shapes, sizes, colors, and materials. The most popular types are rectangular or round and come in sizes ranging from 1/4” diameter to 2” diameter. Additionally, there are flat and panel-mount plate styles.

The construction of panel indicators consists of a housing, a window, and a contact (when applicable). Size and shape of the housing varies by style. A bi-write style has a transparent window in the front of the housing. The design of the contact varies by the style of the panel indicator.

There are a few basic types of panel indicators, which are classified by their operation. LED indication employs an LED light to indicate the status of a system. Incandescent indicating lamps use a light bulb to indicate status. Bulb-less indicating lamps are a newer type, which relies on an electroluminescent film or an electrofluorescent coating instead of a bulb.

The selection of an appropriate panel indicator is governed by the design and function of the system. It is important to select an indicator which is properly rated for the application, both for current and voltage. A good rule of thumb is to select an indicator with an operating voltage rating that is at least twice the voltage of the system.

The working principle of panel indicators is relatively simple. There is an identified input to the indicator which causes an action to occur when the input is activated. This action can be a light being illuminated, a sound being generated, or a display being shown. The action is provided via an electric circuit which will react to the input activation and will cause the associated indicator action to occur.

There are a few basic panel indicator working principles. LED indicating uses a single LED driven by a voltage which is turned on or off as dictated by the value of the input signal. Bulb-less indicating relies on a voltage-regulated current to illuminate an electroluminescent film or an electrofluorescent coating which will cause the associated indicator action to occur. Incandescent indicating works in a similar fashion, but relies on a bulb to provide the signal.

Panel indicators play important roles in alerting personnel to certain conditions and informing them about the status of machines, processes, or equipment. In today’s industrial environments, there are a wide variety of panel indicators available ranging from basic LED indications to complex illuminations with processors. While the selection of the proper indicator should be based on the design and function of the application, the working principle powering each of these indicators is relatively simple.

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