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Contact switches and devices are ubiquitous in the home and office, and in industrial plants. They allow for control, monitoring and safety, and for the operation and protection of equipment, by providing for "closed light - open relay" switch action. Most relays and switches operate either mechanically or electronically, and there are very good reasons to use either option depending on the operational requirements of each application. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, making them suitable for specific applications. To help determine which type is best for the job, we will review the application field and working principles of the two types of contacts.

Mechanically operated contacts are typically made up of a series of discs, cones, or plates connected to a pivot or actuator. When the actuator is activated, the switch or relay closes, completing a circuit and allowing current to flow through the contacts. This type of contacts is often used in domestic and light commercial applications; they are robust, easy to use and relatively inexpensive. Examples include toggle switches, light switches, and power outlets.

Electronically operated contacts are different in that they use solid-state technology, whereby the switch or relay is controlled by a microprocessor or similar device. They have no mechanical parts, and instead rely on electronics for operation. They are typically used in more complex applications, such as industrial plant operation, where the accuracy and reliability of operation is key. Examples of electronic contacts include hall-effect switches, optical switches, and capacitive-touch switches.

Both types of contacts have advantages and disadvantages, and it is important to decide which type is best suited for the application. Generally speaking, mechanically-operated contacts are preferred in light-use applications due to their simplicity and affordability. However, electronically-operated contacts are best for industrial applications where accuracy and reliability of operation is paramount.

In conclusion, contacts come in two different types: mechanically operated and electronically operated. Each type has different applications and working principles. Mechanically operated contacts are generally preferred for light use applications, due to their simplicity and affordability. Electronic contacts, on the other hand, are better suited for industrial applications where accuracy and reliability of operation are key.