21-0042

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DC-DC switching regulators are versatile solutions designed to deliver stable regulated power to modern electronic systems. The 21-0042 is a contemporary model of DC-DC regulator with a variety of features suitable for a wide range of applications. This paper describes the 21-0042’s field of application and the underlying working principles.

Applications
The 21-0042 was designed primarily for use in automotive systems. Its operating voltage range and peak switching current allow it to supply a continuous 3.3V to 5.5V output at up to 5A on a single rail. It features an integrated full-bridge MOSFET with an integrated low-side current sense resistor, allowing it to be used in automotive 12V battery power systems that may require more than one output current level.In addition to its suitability for automotive applications, the 21-0042 also features protection mechanisms appropriate for a range of other operations, such as industrial machinery, medical equipment, and communications equipment, making it an ideal all-purpose regulator. Its enforced 1.5V voltage drop ensures the maximum safe power output and stability for the connected system, and helps to protect the regulator from current surges and short-term overloads. Working Principle
The 21-0042 is a step-up/step-down regulator based on a two-stage topology. The integrated MOSFETs provide an efficient solution for controlling the input voltage, current and power levels in the system and their switching operation is regulated by an internal digital controller and an adjustable current limit.The 21-0042 uses a buck-boost regulator architecture to efficiently regulate the input voltage and output current. The first stage is a buck regulator which works as a voltage source that can supply current when the input voltage is larger than the output voltage and will keep the output voltage stable. The second stage is a boost regulator which can operate in two modes, either as a voltage-mode or as a current-mode. In voltage mode, the output voltage is determined by an internal voltage reference; and in current-mode operation, the output current is limited by an adjustable current limit.When the input voltage rises above the output voltage, the MOSFETs are switched off, thus reducing the input current consumption and avoiding unnecessary power dissipation. When the input voltage is lower than the output voltage, the MOSFETs are switched on and current flows through the inductor and diode to the output. This process ensures a constant output voltage independent of output load, line and temperature variations.Additionally, the 21-0042 offers overcurrent protection and thermal protection, making it a reliable and durable regulator solution. Conclusion
The 21-0042 DC-DC switching regulator is a versatile solution that can be used for a wide range of applications. It has been developed to provide reliable and efficient power delivery, even in harsh and demanding conditions. Built using advanced MOSFET technology, the 21-0042 is capable of providing stable regulated power to automotive, industrial and other electronic systems. Its integrated protection mechanisms provide additional safety and reliability and allow it to be used with peace-of-mind.

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