2838199

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TVS - Varistors, MOVs (2838199 application field and working principle) are an essential component within the world of electronics and electrical engineering and play an important role in preventing transient and surges. These devices are appliances made from a variety of metal oxide compounds with a high dielectric strength in order to provide an electrical protection against voltage spikes that can occur in the power source or within the system. They can be used in virtually any circuit design reliant on electricity, such as automotive, medical, industrial, consumer, telecoms and military applications and have a wide-ranging impact on the performance and security of the system.

Varistors, also referred to as Voltage-Dependent Resistors (VDRs) are a type of semiconductor-based nonlinear resistor that behave differently when exposed to different voltage levels. By virtue of their structure, they can be used to protect against transient or spike voltage in the electrical circuit. The varistor has two terminals and consists of zinc oxide grains embedded in a ceramic binder. It uses the effect of tunneling current of electrons, which results in a low resistance state when there is a high level of voltage and a high resistance state when there is a low level of voltage. The device has a Zener type of breakdown voltage at which it will turn off, allowing large transient and surge currents to bypass the protected load without causing serious damage. This electrical property enables the device to protect the system from incoming voltage spikes and surges.

Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are a kind of varistors specifically designed to sharply reduce the voltage surges during switching operations and thereby protect the electronic equipment from internal or external power sources. This kind of varistors consists of zinc oxide grains, which are embedded in a polyester film and held between two metal electrodes. MOVs have higher power ratings than regular varistors and can be used to provide reliable and efficient surge protection. The way MOVs work is by dramatically reducing the surge voltage through a mechanism that inhibits the surge current. By dissipating the energy that surges through the device, MOVs provide for a reliable voltage supply and reduce the risk of damage to the components in the system.

The application of varistors and MOVs is wide and encompasses a diverse range of fields including automotive, medical, industrial and consumer electronics, telecoms, and military applications. In the automotive sector, these devices provide protection against voltage spikes and surges in the electrical system that can result from temperature fluctuations and short circuits. They are also used in consumer electronics to ensure steady electrical current to the load during switching operations and protect the system from accidental overloads. For telecommunications, varistors and MOVs serve to safeguard against changes in the voltage caused by lightning and other transient or surges in the system that can cause immense damage to the components of the network. In addition, these devices are widely used in medical applications, offering much needed protection against AC voltage interference, and in aviation, where they are used to protect the vital electronic components from transient and surges in the electrical system.

Varistors and MOVs play a fundamental role in modern day electronics and electrical engineering and are widely used to provide protection against sudden voltage spikes and surges. They are often the first line of defense against unwanted conditions that can cause undesired or permanent damage to delicate components. Thanks to their diverse capabilities and excellent surge protection abilities, varistors and MOVs are essential components in the design of reliable and efficient power systems.

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