3100 00032010

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Thermostats are devices designed to measure and control temperature in heating, cooling and air-conditioning systems. Thermostats are often equipped with a read-out display which indicates the current temperature of the controlled space or object. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standard publication 200-2011 defines thermostat controls used in residential, commercial and industrial applications.

Thermostats and temperature controllers function by sensing the temperature of a process, and then sending a signal to the heating or cooling elements to actuate the desired change in the process. This process utilizes a sensing element to detect the temperature of the space or object and then sends an electrical signal to a controller. The controller in turn activates the controlling device such as a heating or cooling element.

Thermostats typically use a mechanical sensing element such as a mercury-in-glass thermometer, bimetallic strip or a thermistor. The bimetallic strip is one of the most commonly used temperature sensing elements. It consists of two flat coils of metal which are bonded together. Each metal has different thermal expansion properties and when the temperature changes, the strip will bend in response to the change.

Mercury-in-glass thermometers have been around for centuries and are still widely used. These thermometers use a glass tube filled with mercury and incorporate a capillary tube to move the mercury in response to the temperature change. Thermistor thermostats consist of a resistor material that has a large temperature coefficient of resistance. When the temperature changes, the resistance of the material also changes, thus accurately sensing the temperature change.

Modern digital thermostats utilize a variety of sampling methods and can be programmed to measure and control the temperature at various set points. These thermostats are often configured with a display which indicates the current temperature reading. In addition, they may use one of the above-mentioned mechanical sensing elements or a solid state sensing element such as a thermocouple or RTD (Resistance Temperature Device).

Regardless of the type of sensing element used, thermostats have become a powerful tool to efficiently and accurately control the temperature of a given process. They are used in many industries ranging from food packaging to air conditioning systems. They are also used to initiate safety features in home furnaces, water heaters and other heating elements.

In conclusion, 310000032010 application field and working principle of thermostats are utilized to detect and regulate temperature. Mechanical sensing elements such as bimetallic strips, thermistors as well as solid-state devices such as thermocouples and RTDs can be incorporated into a thermostat\'s design. In addition, digital thermostats may also be utilized with a display which offers the user temperature set points as well as the current temperature reading. Thermostats are highly versatile devices which have many important applications in a variety of industries.

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