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Temperature sensors are one of the most important components in modern industrial, home automation and laboratory applications. They are used to measure temperature and in turn control heating, cooling and air conditioning systems, and other temperature-dependent processes. With advancements in technology, temperature sensors have become increasingly accurate, reliable and economical. There are various types of temperature sensors available depending on the type of temperature measurement desired. One of the most common types is the mechanical thermostat.

A mechanical thermostat is a sensor that uses a bimetallic strip to detect changes in the room\'s temperature. The bimetallic strip is made up of two different metals such as stainless steel and copper. These metals have different expansion and contraction rates which means that when the temperature rises, the strip will swell slightly due to one metal\'s expanding while the other remains static. This bend in the strip will actuate a connected switch which can then be used to turn on a device like a heater. Conversely, a drop in temperature will cause the strip to unbend and actuate a switch to turn off the heater.

The mechanical thermostat works on this simple principle of thermal expansion and contraction of metals to be unaffected by external pressure and it is generally well-suited to measuring temperatures in the range of 0-90°C. As the temperature sensor is non-electric, it also requires no power source making it ideal for applications in places where electricity is not available. Additionally, mechanical thermostats are typically low cost, and are used in many common applications, such as in home heating and cooling systems, refrigerators, and bathroom heaters.

Mechanical thermostats have their limitations, however. They are mechanical in nature and thus can not be as accurate as electronic temperature sensors. Furthermore, due to their low cost, they are usually unable to support a wide range of temperatures and will usually only operate in a very narrow range. This makes them less suitable for more precise temperature control applications. Lastly, they can also be slow to respond meaning that they may not be the best choice for rapid changes in temperature.

Despite their limitations, mechanical thermostats are still a popular choice for many applications due to their cost efficiency and low maintenance requirements. As technology improves, these sensors are becoming increasingly accurate and reliable and are steadily gaining popularity. Mechanical thermostats have many application fields which include home heating and cooling systems, refrigerators, and bathroom heaters but their main purpose is to measure and detect changes in temperature and to actuate a switch that can be used to turn on a device.

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