VI-B50-CY-F3

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DC-DC converters, also referred to as switched-mode power supplies, are electronic circuits that convert a direct current (DC) input voltage into a required pulse-width-modulated (PWM) output voltage. The VI-B50-CY-F3 is a step-down DC-DC converter and is popular choice for applications requiring a regulated output voltage. In this paper we will discuss the application field and working principle for the VI-B50-CY-F3.

Overview

The VI-B50-CY-F3 is a high-efficiency step-down DC-DC converter featuring a maximum efficiency of up to 98% in a wide input voltage range. It is designed to provide a regulated output voltage from an input voltage higher than that output, making it suitable for systems operating from either a battery or an alternative higher voltage supply. The converter features over-voltage and over-current protection, as well as integrated soft start to reduce inrush current at start up. The internal components of the VI-B50-CY-F3 include a PWM controller, a pair of FET switches, an inductor, and several passive components.

Application Fields

The VI-B50-CY-F3 is suitable for a wide range of applications, including point-of-load (POL) regulation, automotive, industrial, communications, consumer, medical, and military applications. Specifically, it is perfect for applications that require an isolated, adjustable output voltage, such as powering a universal serial bus (USB), low-noise devices, small motors, digital cameras, and cellular phone chargers.

Working Principle

The VI-B50-CY-F3 operates conforming to the buck topology, stepping down an input voltage at approximately twice the switching frequency. To enable this, a PWM controller drives two FETs—switching between the higher input voltage and ground—to generate a voltage staircase waveform. This waveform is then smoothed by an inductor and diode to create a buck waveform, which is subsequently passed to the output capacitor for final regulation.

When FETs are in the ON state, the input voltage is applied to the inductor, causing a magnetic field to build up. When the FETs are switched OFF, the current flowing through the structure stops, and the energy stored in the magnetic field is released into the output circuit. This occurs when the voltage at the inductor drops below the threshold of the output diode, causing current to flow and storing energy in the output capacitor. The output capacitor regulates this current by keeping the output voltage steady.

Conclusion

The VI-B50-CY-F3 step-down DC-DC converter is a versatile solution that is suitable for a variety of applications. It provides an adjustable output voltage from an input voltage higher than that output with high efficiency. Furthermore, its PWM controller, FETs, inductor, and passive components work together to generate a buck waveform and smooth the voltage staircase waveform, providing a stable output voltage for powering devices.

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