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0467652312 Application field and working principle of USB, DVI and HDMI connectors

When connecting digital devices such as laptops, TVs, media players, camcorders, etc., it is necessary to choose the matching transmission interface, which is a necessary criterion for the transmission of video and audio. Today, the types of connection interfaces used in digital devices are more and more, such as USB, DVI, HDMI and so on. Below is an introduction to USB, DVI and HDMI connectors.

USB connectors

Universal Serial Bus (abbreviated as USB) is an external peripheral interface. Commonly used are USB1.0, USB2.0, USB3.0, etc. The interface data rate directly determines the speed of the transmission interface. Its application field ranges from computer data transmission, audio and video transmission, device charging and so on. Moreover, USB interface transmission is more convenient, and the number of ports on desktop and laptop computers is also increasing. The working principle of the USB connector is relatively simple. USB is a hot plug, which means that the external device can be connected to the host computer without being powered off. USB supports four modes of transmission. They are control mode, bulk transmission mode, interrupt transmission mode and isochronous mode. During transmission, the computer can recognise the external device through the signal provided by the device. Data exchange is achieved through endpoint, which is the key to the success of digital transmission.

DVI connectors

DVI (Digital Visual Interface) is mainly used to connect LCD monitors, TVs or projectors to computers. DVI basically supports digital signal transmission, but it can also support analog signal transmission. There are four types of DVI connectors: DVI-A(analog), DVI-D(digital), DVI-I(integrated) and DVI-G(HDMI/DVI). Generally speaking, the transmission speed of digital signal and analog signal are significantly different.

The working principle of DVI is that the graphics card sends a digital signal with the code bits arranged in the order of RGB (red, green, and blue) to the LCD monitor or projector. The liquid crystal displayer or projector reads the RGB code bits in the same order and stores and displays the information. Then the device shoots the pictures on the screen digitally. The greater the number of pixels, the better the picture quality, which is mainly determined by the resolution of the LCD displayer or projector.

HDMI connectors

High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is the current mainstream audio-visual interface. Because the transmission signal of HDMI connector is digital, the advantages of smooth sound and clear picture are incomparable with analog signals. The HDMI connector supports the transmission of both audio and video signals and almost all digital devices connected to the monitor are connected through HDMI interface. Its application field is the same as those of USB and DVI.

The working principle of HDMI connector is mainly to transmit digital signals. It uses the different pins in the HDMI interface to separate the audio signal and video signal. The writing of HDMI interface is complicated, but the principle is simple, which consists of an RGB signal line plus five cables: ground wire, LVTTL signal control line, HPD signal line, clock line and a directional line. In the transfer of RGB signal line, the three primary colors of red, green, and blue are used, and each of the three primary colors needs 8 bits to represent 256 colors. In the transfer of clock line, it is used to measure the frequency of the signal, and finally the digital signal is transmitted and converted into displayable image information.

In the end, it can be seen that the application field and working principle of USB, DVI and HDMI connectors are different. It\'s important to choose the right connector type according to the digital devices used.

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