1-1879056-7

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Tantalum capacitors are a type of electrolytic capacitors that find a wide range of applications due to their high capacitance per unit volume, superior stability, and low leakage current. These specialty capacitors consist of a tantalum anode in the form of a pellet or sintered anode covered by an insulating oxide coating and an electrolyte filled into the anode-cathode space. A schematic of a typical tantalum capacitor is shown below:

The cathode of the tantalum capacitor typically consists of a manganese dioxide layer. An external connection is made to each of the anode and cathode using two separate leads. The anode and cathode are connected to the external circuit depending upon the desired polarization of the capacitor.

The main application of tantalum capacitors is in low voltage decoupling circuits in which the capacitor is connected in parallel with the power supply and provides a path for high frequency noise signals on the power line, thus allowing the power line to retain its low ripple voltage. Due to their low equivalent series resistance (ESR) and low equivalent series inductance (ESL), tantalum capacitors are also used in applications requiring high frequency noise signal filtering.

A typical tantalum capacitor is characterized by a low leakage current, high capacitance-to-volume ratio, excellent temperature stability, and reliable electrical performance. The capacitance-to-volume ratio is determined by several characteristics, such as the amount of tantalum oxide, the thickness of the dielectric layer, or the type of electrolyte used. The capacitance values for a tantalum capacitor range from 10pF to 1 F while the voltage rating can range up to 50 V. Typical operating temperature ranges are -55 °C to +125 °C.

The working principle of a 1-1879056-7 tantalum capacitor is similar to that of other types of electrolytic capacitors. When the capacitor is connected to an external power source, current starts flowing through the external circuit, and the tantalum oxide layer starts forming on the surface of the electrode. This process continues until the desired amount of electrical charge accumulates in the capacitor. The oxide layer which is formed acts as a dielectric layer and allows the capacitor to store electrical energy.

The use of tantalum capacitors in circuit board layout is becoming increasingly important as the complexity of circuit boards continues to grow. The smaller size and higher charge density of these capacitors allow for more components to be placed into a tight space. As power densities and operating frequencies increase, the capacitors must be able to withstand intense vibration and thermal cycling. Tantalum capacitors offer a reliable option, as their tolerances to dynamic loads are nearly twice as much as those of aluminum electrolytic capacitors.

In summary, tantalum capacitors provide an effective way of storing electrical energy charge in low voltage decoupling circuits and high frequency noise signal filtering applications. With their excellent stability and low leakage current, these specialty capacitors are well-suited for use on circuit boards in high power density and high frequency applications. The 1-1879056-7 tantalum capacitor is a typical applied example in this field, and its size, capacitance-to-volume ratio, voltage rating, temperature range, and working principle makes it a viable solution for noise signal filtering needs.

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