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Rectangular Connectors are a type of connector designed for electrical and electronic applications and are available in three varieties: headers, receptacles and female sockets. Each of these types of connectors have their own unique physical characteristics and designed for particular application fields and working principles.

Headers

Headers are typically male connectors, consisting of an array of pins or terminals surrounded by a plastic housing. The pins are typically arranged in two rows and the purpose of a header is to enable the connection of two circuits or items of equipment, such as a PCB to a plug or a monitor to a computer. Headers are available in various sizes, designed to accept wire sizes such as AWG and SMT, to enable connection to various types of circuit boards and components. Most headers feature horizontal polarization to ensure correct insertion of mating connectors, however vertical polarization is also available. These connectors are ideal for use in testing applications and in prototyping.

Receptacles

Receptacles are typically female connectors that enable connection of a PCB or header to a receptacle. These are typically available in two varieties: those with a cable or a surface mount method. The cable version features a cable with a plastic connector at either end, which is ideal for applications where the connection needs to be made over a significant distance. Surface mount versions feature two pins on the receptacle which are designed to fit directly onto the PCB. These connectors are ideal for connecting a PCB to a socket and in many applications where space is of a premium.

Female Sockets

Female sockets are designed to enable the connection of two circuits by hooking together a male (pin connector) and female (socket connector). These connectors are suitable for applications where the connection needs to be made temporarily or often, such as in test jigs or in production lines. Female sockets are available in various sizes to enable connection of different types of circuits, such as through hole, SMT and wire wrap. They are often used in conjunction with headers to provide a reliable connection between two circuits.

In conclusion, rectangular connectors are available in three varieties: headers, receptacles and female sockets, each designed for connection in particular application fields and working principles. Headers are typically male connectors designed for use in tests and prototyping, receptacles are typically female connectors enabling connection to a PCB or header, and female sockets provide a temporary connection between two circuits. All of these connectors enable the interconnection of devices and circuits which provide reliable electrical connections in various applications.

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