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Backplane connectors are used for electrical connections between printed circuit boards (PCBs). They provide a reliable and secure connection that is resistant to mechanical shocks and vibrations, as well as good electrical insulation. Backplane connectors are particularly useful in multilayer and/or high speed circuit boards, where the traces are fine and space is at a premium.

The two main types of backplane connectors are Hard Metric and Standard. Hard Metric connectors are generally used for high-density applications that require tight alignment and good electrical insulation. They enable signals to be sent between boards very quickly and accurately, due to their high-precision design. Hard Metric connectors are typically composed of metal housings, pins, and sockets that securely house and protect the electrical contacts.

Standard backplane connectors are generally used in more general-purpose applications, such as customer systems boards. They are composed of wire-to-board (WTB) or board-to-board (BTB) connectors, as well as wire-to-wire (WTW). These connectors are designed to provide a reliable and secure connection between two electronic components and are often used for power, signal, or data transmission. They are usually made from plastic or metal and are terminated with soldering or other mechanical techniques.

Another type of backplane connector is the Application Field Specific (AFS) connector. These are used for specific applications such as medical, automotive, and telecommunications. They are designed according to the exact specifications of the application, as they are more specialized and require higher performance than standard backplane connectors. AFS connectors are often made from high-grade plastic and metal materials, providing greater electrical insulation and a more reliable connection.

The working principle of backplane connectors is to enable electrical connections between multiple PCBs. They are used to reduce signal degradation and to ensure reliable and secure connections, even under high-vibration and shock environments. Backplane connectors also provide electrical insulation between the connected PCBs, thus minimizing the potential for shorts and other electrical hazards.

In addition to providing electrical connections, backplane connectors can also serve as mounting points for component assembly. This allows for smaller and lighter designs, while providing solid support for components that are subject to vibration and shock.

Backplane connectors are an indispensable part of any PCB design, as they provide reliable and secure connections between boards, as well as excellent electrical insulation. Different types of connectors are available for different applications, so it is important to select the right type for the intended application.

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