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Terminal blocks are a key component in industrial and commercial machine automation system, allowing physical and electric connection between computer and its external peripherals. The type of terminal blocks of Wire to Board connection is the most used in industrial automation systems, since it allows a fast assembly of components with a secure electrical connection and a flexible configuration.

The application of terminal blocks is very broad and can be applied to multiple scenarios, such as: power control, board to board connection, home appliances, LED lighting or consumer electronics. The design of a terminal block needs to be up to the specific requirements of the application, such as the current and the voltage, the mechanical requirements and the I/O termination needs.

Working Principle

The principle of operation of a terminal block is very simple and consists in connecting two conductive elements through a contact. The contact elements on the one hand are isolated from each other and the contact parts on the other hand are linked together. This connection is made by compressing the two conductive elements at one time, which normally are nuts and washers.

The contact force between the two elements is provided by the tightening force of the screws, so the contact force has to be adjusted so the required electrical connection is achieved. The contact materials on both parts may depend on the application, but they have to be short-circuit and impact resistant to ensure a long life span. This applies specially to the current and voltage requirements to ensure the contact is strong enough.

The operation of the terminal block when making connections is to loosen the screws and to plug the two conductive elements, and then tighten the screws to complete the contact. Then a wire is plugged into each of the contact parts and the parts connected to the external components.

Types of Terminal Blocks

According to the connection type, there are various types of terminal blocks that can applied in a system, each one of them with different requirements. The most common type of terminal block for connecting a wire to a board is the pluggable-type, providing easy connection of two components, without needing any soldering. This type has normally elongated contact points in order to have a secure electrical connection.

Other types are the spring clamp and barrier type terminal blocks that provide a direct connection between two components. This type of terminal block is a better choice for high-current applications since it can withstand higher electrical energy. A screwless terminal block is also available, providing fast and secure connection between points without needing any tools.

Advantages of using Terminal Blocks

The main advantages of using terminal blocks, especially for Wire to Board connection, are mainly the easy and fast assembly, the high voltage and current stability, and the flexible mounting and configuration. This makes them an ideal component for industrial automation solutions.

Another important advantage of terminal blocks is the isolation of the connection points. When using them, it is possible to make a safe connection between components without needing to have exposed conductive parts. This allows to have a robust and safe connection over time.

The use of terminal blocks can also reduce the wiring time since its parts are designed to have a relatively small size, helping to identify the connection points in a crowded panel. As such, it is possible to plug the wires into the right pin in a matter of seconds.

Conclusion

Terminal blocks provide a quick and secure connection between two components, and when used in a Wire to Board configuration, they are able to reduce the amount of wiring, as well as the assembly time and costs. With their flexible configuration and wide range of contact materials, a terminal block can be a reliable component in an industrial machine automation system.

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