21028-5

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21028-5 is an Optical Telecommunications Standard promulgated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). It specifies the requirements for optical transmitters including wavelength, bit rate, jitter and crosstalk. It outlines the principles for assessing the performance of optical communication systems and is applicable for a wide range of optical communication architectures.

The application field of 21028-5 covers a wide variety of optical communication systems and applications such as metropolitan area networks, access networks, fibre channel networks and submarine networks. In metropolitan area networks, this standard is used for the transmission of data and voice traffic. In access networks it is used for optical transmission systems, such as point-to-point systems, ring networks and star networks. In fibre channel networks, it is used for fibre channel topologies, such as parallel topology, point-to-point topology, public storage topology and fabric switched topology. In submarine networks, it is used for inter-exchange links and optical termination points in submarine optical fibre networks.

The working principle of 21028-5 is based on optical modulation techniques such as electrical modulation, optical phase modulation and dual drive optical modulation. Electrical modulation can achieve a bit rate of up to 40 Gbps, while optical phase modulation can achieve up to 100 Gbps. Dual drive optical modulation can achieve up to 320 Gbps. The main objective of this standard is to ensure that the performance of the optical communication system is in compliance with the parameters defined in this standard. This includes parameters such as extinction ratio, jitter, polarization mode dispersion and system margin. The performance parameters are assessed using optical instruments, such as laser source, photodiode and optical power meter.

Apart from the optical parameters specified in 21028-5, the standard also outlines the requirements for the physical layer and data link layer. The physical layer is responsible for electrical and optical signals, while the data link layer is responsible for the control and error correction aspects. The data link layer provides end-to-end data integrity and error control using protocols such as forward error correction (FEC), data link layer quality assurance (DLQA) and distributed frame alignment (DFA).

The objective of 21028-5 is to establish a base for the assessment of the performance of optical fibre communication systems. The parameters and protocols defined by this standard are widely used in the industry for optical transmission systems. This standard is applicable to a wide variety of optical communication systems and applications.

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