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Radio frequency interference (RFI) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) are disruptive forces that can cause data loss, communication failure, and even health effects on humans and wildlife. To limit the impact of such pollution, it is important to understand the application field and working principles of RFI and EMI-shielding and absorbing materials.

RFI and EMI shielding materials are components that can block or attenuate the propagation of electromagnetic waves. The application field of these materials includes various types of commercial, industrial, and military structures and vehicles. Commonly used materials for shielding are copper, aluminum, and ferrous materials. Copper is the most common form of shielding, but its cost can be prohibitive. Aluminum and ferrous materials are cheaper and provide good shielding in certain situations, but the thickness of the material used must be increased to provide superior shielding.

The working principle of RFI and EMI-shielding and absorbing materials is based on the principle of electromagnetic interference (EMI). EMI is caused when an electromagnetic field from one source (e.g. a mobile phone) affects another source (e.g. a computer). EMI shielding works by preventing the radiation from approaching the affected source, while EMI absorbing materials absorb the radiation, thus weakening it.

The effectiveness of RFI and EMI-shielding and absorbing materials depends on the type of radiation, the frequency and the intensity of the radiation, and the type of material used. For example, aluminum has a low attenuation of high-frequency radiation, whereas aluminium foil has a high attenuation of low-frequency radiation. To ensure maximum shielding, several layers of shielding materials are usually used in combination. In some cases, additional components such as absorbers and RFID-specific materials may be added to further improve the efficiency of the shielding system.

To protect electronic devices from the harmful effects of EMI and to enable effective communication, it is essential to use suitable RFI and EMI-shielding and absorbing materials. These materials are available in various grades and are suitable for a variety of applications. It is important to select the most suitable material based on the type of radiation, its frequency and intensity, and the structure and environment in which it will be used. Various technologies for testing the performance of shielding and absorbing materials are available, and it is important to ensure that these materials are tested according to the relevant standards to ensure their effectiveness.

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