2804704

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TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressors) are semiconductor devices used to limit an over-voltage pulse that may be transient in nature due to an event such as load switching, electrostatic discharge, lightning, etc. Primarily, they protect other components, circuits and systems from over-voltage damage and destruction. TVS devices can be divided into two general categories: Mixed Technology (MT) and Solid-state (SS).

MT devices are a combination of bipolar transistors and silicon avalanche diodes (SADs). They are intended for applications with higher power stress, fast switching, sharp edge transients, and high clamping voltages and feature an extremely low response time. Due to the combined properties of bipolar transistors and SADs, MT devices are cost-effective and have fast switching time. Applications of MT TVS devices include protection of ICs from ESD, general power supply protection, LED protection, and DC/DC converter protection.

The working principle of MT TVS devices can be best explained by schematic diagrams. Figure 1 shows the internal circuitry of MT devices. They are composed of two components, the Input PNP (Phenomenon Negated Polarization) transistor and the Silicon Avalanche Diode (SAD). The voltage between the input and the output is limited by the SAD and the input current is sourced by the PNP transistor. The current limit is determined by the amount of current that can be sourced by the PNP. When the input voltage exceeds the rated clamping voltage, the SAD turns on and the excess current is forced to flow through the PNP.

The Input PNP serves as the control element of the device. When the excess voltage is present, the transistor is turned on, sourcing current and thus maintaining the output voltage limited to the rated clamp level. The Figure 1 also shows the control element of the device, a current controlled resistor (CCR). This resistor limits the output current, and thus helps to protect the TVS device from damage due to over-current.

The response time of MT TVS devices is typically very fast, in the order of 5 to 10 nanoseconds. They are designed to provide a high degree of protection from ESD, transients and other quickly-rising noise spikes. Due to the two components, the MT TVS device offers higher power handling capabilities and higher response speeds than the equivalent SS device.

Overall, the 2804704 application field and working principle of MT TVS devices is clear. Due to their fast response time, high power handling capabilities, and high clamping voltage ratings, they are an ideal solution for over-voltage protection applications. They are primarily used for IC protection from ESD, LED protection, as well as general power supply protection and DC/DC converter protection.

In summary, MT TVS devices are a cost-effective solution for over-voltage protection. They are easy to use, and are also capable of providing a fast response time. Due to its two components, they provide higher power handling capabilities and higher response speeds than the equivalent SS device. Thus, they are well suited for various applications such as IC protection from ESD, LED protection, general power supply protection, and DC/DC converter protection.

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