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LEDs are one of the most versatile and powerful form of indication. Apart from their use in illumination and lighting, LEDs have swiftly established themselves as one of the most popular options for most applications requiring indication. Such applications span across multiple fields, including audio equipment, telecomm and networking, home and industrial automation, medical equipment and home appliances. In this article, we will discuss the third application field and working principle of LEDs indicating discrete information.

The third main application field of LEDs is discrete indicating. This involves indicating discrete events, such as on/off, yes/no, up/down, open/close options and other states of individual functions within equipment. In this case, the LEDs indicate the ‘state’ of a system or equipment and turn ON or OFF accordingly. A simple example would be a power switch. The switch is normally ‘off’. When it is turned ‘on’, a LED adjacent to the switch glows indicating that the power is turned on. Similarly, the lights in the corridors of an elevator can be controlled using a discrete indicating system.

Now, let us come to the working principle of LEDs in discrete indicating applications. LEDs are semiconductor devices that provide lights when a forward bias is applied across their terminals. A forward bias is achieved by connecting the anode to positive and the cathode to negative arm of the power supply. When this happens, the electrons starts flowing into the n-type material from the power supply through the anode and holes from the p-type material through the cathode. As the electrons move away from their respective electrons in the p-type and n-type materials, they emit lights.

The working principle of LED discrete indicating is pretty much the same as mentioned above. A switch is connected across the LED terminals and when the switch is turned ON, a forward bias is induced in the LED and allows the current to flow. This causes the LED to glow. When the switch is turned OFF, the LED stops glowing. The amount of current flowing in the LED decides the brightness. Thus, by controlling the bias induced in the LED or the current flowing in it, controlling the brightness of the LED is made possible. This is how a LED discrete indicating system works.

LEDs have thus found huge success in discrete indicating applications due to their convenience, compactness and efficiency. They are the go-to option for any indication that involves displaying the state or status of a system or equipment. LEDs today come in all shapes, sizes and colors and you can find them being used in devices ranging from smartphones to servers and from microwaves to machine tools. LEDs are extremely reliable and last for a long time and thus have proven to be great for discrete indicating applications.

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