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Snap Action, Limit Switches

Snap action limit switches are electromechanical devices which function as an electrical safety precaution. They are used in industrial and commercial applications to prevent the operation of a machine or device while it is in a dangerous or hazardous state. These devices can be used to detect over-current conditions, excessive temperatures, or to provide manual control of machine operations. The basic principle of operation is that the switch is designed to remain closed until sufficient energy is supplied to cause the contacts to "snap" open.

Applications

Snap action limit switches are most commonly used in circuits where a high rate of current or high power is expected, often when controlling large motors or controlling large industrial processes such as food production or textile manufacturing. Typical applications include motor starting and stopping, gear shifting, and pressure control. They are also commonly used in industrial automation equipment and in the operation of solenoid valves.

Working Principle

When the switch contacts are closed, the switch is in its “OFF” state. When the current flowing through them exceeds a certain preset value, the contacts open due to the increased force acting on the contact surfaces. This action is called "snap action". Depending on the design of the switch, the contacts can remain open for as long as the overload remains, for a certain time after the overload is removed or may even close again after a certain time.

Design Considerations

There are a few key design considerations when selecting the right snap action limit switch. Firstly, the switch’s durability and lifetime expectancy should be considered. This includes the electrical rating and the type of contact materials used. It should also be considered how the switch will be mechanically installed and the kind of environment it is exposed to during operation. Most importantly, the snap action limit switch should be selected according to the particular application, the labor and material costs which could be saved by using such a device, and the need for a reliable and cost-effective method of controlling the process.

Conclusion

In summary, snap action limit switches are electromechanical devices which function as an electrical safety device. They are usually used to prevent injury or damage to property, often when controlling large motors or controlling large industrial processes. They are designed to remain closed until sufficient energy is supplied to cause the contacts to “snap” open. Design considerations include the switch’s durability and lifetime expectancy, installation requirements and the environment it is exposed to. It is important to select the right switch for a particular application in order to achieve reliable and cost-effective control of the process.

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