4N28FM

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Optoisolators, also known as optocouplers or photocouplers, are devices that use light to transfer electrical signals across two isolated circuits. The 4N28FM is a type of optoisolator with a transistor photovoltaic (PV) output. It is used to provide electrical isolation between digital and analog signals, and between logic logic or analog control and power switching circuits, typically in consumer electronics, telecom, and industrial automation applications.

The 4N28FM optoisolator consists of an input stage, an opto-isolator stage, and a thyristor output stage. The 1st stage is an infrared LED which when supplied with the input voltage emits light. The opto-isolator stage is a photo-sensitive element which converts the light energy into an electrical voltage. The 3rd stage is a thyristor, which is triggered by the electrical voltage generated in the opto-isolator stage. This signal is then outputted at the thyristor.

The 4N28FM optoisolator has two major advantages that make it suitable for use in applications that require electrical isolation: protection from electrical noise interference and protection from short circuits. The electrical insulation provided by the optoisolator helps protect sensitive components from noise interference, and the thyristor can protect against short-circuiting of the circuitry. In addition, the optoisolator helps reduce electrical load on the input circuitry, which extends its lifespan.

The main application areas for the 4N28FM optoisolator include relay and optoelectronic switching circuits and motor control applications. The optoisolator can be used in applications such as remote control systems, voltage regulators, level detectors, and AC line protection. For instance, in remote control systems, the 4N28FM can be used to switch between two different power sources. In voltage regulation, it can be used to switch between a low-voltage and a high-voltage source, and in level detection it can be used to detect the level of a fluid. In AC line protection applications, it can be used to protect delicate circuits from potentially damaging surges.

The working principle of the 4N28FM optoisolator is simple. When the input voltage is applied, the LED in the optoisolator emits light, which is then converted into an electrical voltage by the optoisolator. This voltage is then sent to the thyristor, which triggers to produce the output voltage and current. The output voltage and current are then supplied to the load, providing isolation between the input side and the output side.

In conclusion, the 4N28FM optoisolator is a versatile optoisolator with a transistor photovoltaic output that is used in many applications requiring electrical isolation. It provides protection from electrical noise interference and short circuits, helps reduce electrical load on the input circuitry, and is suitable for remote control systems, voltage regulation, level detection, and AC line protection applications. Its working principle is simple: an input voltage applied to the LED in the optoisolator causes the LED to emit light, which is converted into an electrical signal and sent to the thyristor, which triggers to generate the output voltage and current.

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