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Incandescent lamps are the oldest type of electrical light source. They were invented by Thomas Edison and were the most common form of illumination until the development of more efficient forms of lighting. An incandescent lamp consists of a metal filament, typically made of tungsten, that is heated to a high temperature by an electric current passing through it. The filament emits light due to incandescence, the process of converting electricity into visible light. The light produced is omnidirectional and ranges from warm yellow to almost white light depending on the type of filament used. The efficiency of an incandescent lamp is relatively low, which means that it produces a lot of heat in addition to light.

Additionally, incandescent lamps are sensitive to temperature changes and can be easily damaged by shock. For these reasons, they are commonly used in applications that require low intensity, general lighting such as home lighting, signs, displays, and other decorative applications. Some applications such as theatrical and photographic lighting, may take advantage of the color temperature and size of incandescent lamps.

Neon lamps are unique in that they contain rare gas filled tubes that glow when an electrical current is applied. Generally, a mixture of different gases in the tube can be used to produce a range of different colors, although typically they are used to produce bright red or yellow light. Xenon gas is often used for the bright white "neon" effect. The light-producing element (the gas) is enclosed in a glass tube, and a charged anode and cathode at either end of the tube create an electric arc that causes the gas to fluoresce.

Neon lighting is popular in applications where bright, eye-catching illumination is desired. Neon lamps are often used in large signs, such as strip-malls and movie theaters. Other applications include illuminated displays for retail outlets, as well as backlighting for displays and picture frames. Additionally, some vehicles use neon lighting for interior and exterior accent lighting.

In conclusion, incandescent and neon lamps are popular types of lighting used in various applications. Incandescent lamps are effective and efficient low-intensity lighting sources that are commonly used in home lighting, signs, and decorations. Neon lamps produce bright, eye-catching illumination that is often used for small displays, large signs, and accent lighting. Both lighting types offer a variety of options that can be tailored to fit any desired application.