824541361 Circuit Protection

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TVS – Diodes

Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS) are the advanced form of diodes which are used to detect and suppress large voltage transients and transient switching surges. This diode is also specially designed for protecting sensitive electronic equipment from electrostatic discharge and other electrical fast transients, such as lightning or inductive switching of loads.

This special-purpose diode, also known as clamp diode, has a very high peak reverse voltage (PRV) rating. Generally, the PRV can be anywhere between 15 volts to 1200 volts. It is capable of sustaining over-voltage for a short period of time without damage or letting the current flow out.

The most common application for TVS diode is in electronic circuits, where it can be used to protect them from damage due to high-voltage transient spikes. They can also be used in reverse protection of gate-controlled power supplies, high-power dimmers, and in switch-mode power supplies.

824541361 Application Field and Working Principle

Application Field

TVS diodes are mainly used for protecting sensitive and expensive electronic devices and circuits from severe voltage transients. The TVS diode is used for suppressing voltage transients that occur during switching operations, lightning, and similar power disturbances. They are often used in circuits to protect components against static voltage discharges.

Some of the most popular applications of TVS diode are in automotive and aircraft electronics, unmanned satellites, mobile phones, and other telecommunication equipment, power supplies, and control systems.

Working Principle

The TVS diode works on the same principle as any other type of diode. It is designed in such a way that it can handle large voltage transients efficiently and without damaging any of the components it is protecting.

When a transient voltage is applied to the TVS diode, the current flows through it in the same direction as the voltage, creating a short circuit that prevents the current from flowing out. This allows the TVS diode to absorb the energy of the transient voltage, dissipating it as heat and protecting the other components from damage. This process is called "Clamping".

Conclusion

TVS diodes are becoming more and more popular due to their reliability and their ability to protect sensitive and expensive electronic components from severe voltage transients. They are used in a wide range of applications, such as automotive electronics, aircraft electronics, power supplies, and control systems. Their working principle also involves absorbing the energy of the transient voltage and dissipating it as heat, thus protecting the components it is protecting.

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