97 Optoelectronics

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Incandescent Lamps
Incandescent lamps are the most commonly used lamps today, and have been widely used since their introduction in the 19th century. It is a filament lamp, and comprises of a bulb, filament, reflector, and power supply. The bulb framework consists of a glass envelope and electrodes. A filament is inserted into the bulb which is composed of tungsten wire, while the reflector provides the light emitted by the lamp.

The principle of operation of the incandescent lamp is that when an electric current is passed through the tungsten filament, it produces heat and light which is reflected by the reflector. The heat generated by the filament is what causes the filament to glow, producing light. A major application field for incandescent lamps is in everyday lighting and lighting for entertainment purposes. They are also used in streetlights, traffic signals, torches, house illumination and display luminaires.

Neon Lamps
Neon lamps are gas-filled lamps that use electricity to emit light. They came into widespread use in the early 20th century, and they are often used as decorative lighting in both indoors and outdoors settings. Like incandescent lamps, neon lamps are composed of a bulb, electrodes, a gas filling, and a power supply.

The working principle of neon lamps is based on the fact that when an electric current passes through a gas-filled enclosed tube, the gas present in the tube emit light when excited. The bulb consists of electrodes that when an electric current passes through, excites the enclosed gas to release light. The types of gases used vary from argon to helium depending on the nature of light required. Applications of neon lamps include novelty signs and advertisements, theatre lighting, automotive lighting, and lighting of other outdoor areas.

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