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Thyristors are a type of semiconductor device that can be used for a variety of applications. In particular, SCRs (silicon controlled rectifiers) and Modules are two types of thyristors. This article will explore these two types of thyristors, as well as the application fields in which they are used, and the working principles that govern them.

Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs)

Silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs), also referred to as thyristors, are a type of thyristor that can be used for switching and rectifying current. In electronic equipment, SCRs are used for purposes such as controlling motor speed, regulating power in consumer electronics, dimming lights and powering solenoid coils. The SCR is made up of four layers of silicon, arranged into an N-type and a P-type epitaxial layer, as well as a PN-junction region and a reverse-bias region. Its gates, which control the on/off functionality, can be activated through various means: through anodes or cathodes, or through the application of an external voltage.

Modules

Modules, also referred to as one-way thyristors, allow for current to flow in only one direction. This makes them very useful for creating a stable current flow, without risk of back feed or overdrive. Modules are also used in power control applications with motors, and in switch-mode power supplies. The construction of modules differs from that of the SCR, in that the gates of the module are not connected. Thus, the module relies solely on the forward current to activate the switching of the anode and cathode.

Application Fields

Thyristors and their application fields can vary. For example, SCRs can be used in a variety of applications, such as motor speed control, power control in consumer electronics, controlling lights and powering solenoid coils. Modules, on the other hand, are often used in power control applications with motors and in switch-mode power supplies.

Working Principles

The working principles of the two thyristor types differ slightly. For the SCR, the four layers of silicon form a ‘latch’ that is activated through the application of either an anode or cathode or an external voltage. Once the SCR has been triggered, the current will flow freely until it is interrupted by turning off the electrical source or interrupting the gate voltage. For modules, the same external circuit can be used to trigger the starting current, but the external current must be reversed in order to interrupt the flow of current.

In conclusion, SCRs and Modules are two different types of thyristors, and each has its own application fields and working principles. SCRs are primarily used in motor speed controls, while Modules are often used in switch-mode power supplies. In both cases, the external circuit is used to trigger the starting current, and then either reverse the external current or turn off the electrical source. Understanding both the application fields and the working principles of thyristors is essential for their proper usage.

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