CQ220I-100

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Thyristors - TRIACs

CQ220I-100 is a triode alternating current (TRIAC) semiconductor component that belongs to the thyristor family. A TRIAC contains two terminals, namely the gate and the main terminals, and two independent thyristors are connected back-to-back in series between the gate and main terminals. TRIACs have three main characteristics: bidirectional switch, current control and snubber or surge protection capability. TRIACs are generally used in high current switching applications and low voltage power AC control applications.

Application Field

TheCQ220I-100 TRIAC is a current sensitive AC switch used in 220V line voltage and can switch up to a peak current of 100A. This device is used to control both the current and the power of an AC signal. Its applications include automation, energy control, electro-plating, motor start/stop, light dimming, HVAC, and so on. TRIACs are ideal for use in circuits that require AC signals to be conrolled and energized in two directions.

Working Principle

The basic working principle of TRIACs is similar to bidirectional thyristors. TRIACs depend on the action of the gate to trigger the switch action and thereby control the AC current in the main terminal. By using a TRIAC, the power supply can be cut off while still allowing current to flow in both directions, making it a very versatile component. In order for TRIACs to be operational, they must first receive a voltage greater than their holding voltage threshold, which triggers a controlled avalanche breakdown between the main terminals. After the breakdown occurs, TRIACs slowly start to regulate the main current by having a gradual increase in the magnitude of its main current characteristic, and this is known as the turn-on process.

The turn-on process for a TRIAC is called the "strike" process. The TRIAC does not actually turn on until a certain strike voltage is exceeded. Once this voltage is reached, the TRIAC\'s main current slowly starts to increase inversely to the gate current, due to the minority carrier injection into the drift region. This causes a slow increase in the magnitude of the main current, until its peak value is reached. As the TRIAC starts to turn on, it will reach its peak current value and then start to decrease until it eventually reaches the holding current value. After the current reaches its holding current value, the TRIAC will stay in the ON state as long as the gate voltage remains above the holding voltage.

When the gate voltage falls below the holding voltage, the TRIAC will immediately turn off and its main current will return to zero. In order to keep the TRIAC turned on, it is necessary to keep the gate voltage above the holding voltage threshold. This property of TRIACs makes them suitable for applications such as controlling light dimmers, where the required control voltage must be maintained for the TRIACs to stay turned on.

Conclusion:

The CQ220I-100 TRIAC is a current-sensitive AC switch used in 220V line voltage, and it is designed to control power and current flow. The CQ220I-100 is mainly used in automation, energy control, electro-plating, motor start/stop, and light dimming applications. It works by triggering a breakdown between the main terminals, which in turn increases current through it. Finally, the CQ220I-100 TRIAC requires the gate voltage to remain above the holding voltage to stay on.

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