GVD30601-001

Series:	--
Part Status:	Active
Capacitance @ Vr, F:	3.5pF @ 20V, 50MHz
Capacitance Ratio Condition:	--
Voltage - Peak Reverse (Max):	20V
Diode Type:	Single
Q @ Vr, F:	160 @ 4V, 50MHz
Operating Temperature:	-55°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
Mounting Type:	Surface Mount
Package / Case:	TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
Supplier Device Package:	SOT-23

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GVD30601-001 Variable Capacitance (Varicaps, Varactors)

The GVD30601-001 Variable Capacitance (Varicap, or Varactor) is a semiconductor diode device used for tuning circuits and voltage-controlled oscillators. By connecting a reverse bias voltage to a varicap, its capacitance value can be changed, thus varying the frequency of the oscillation, frequency modulation, and amplitude of the signal controlled by the voltage.

Application Fields

Varicap diodes are commonly used in television, radio, and other applications that require a variable capacitance. Television sets usually have trimming controls, VCO\'s (voltage-controlled oscillators) in the IF (intermediate frequency) stages, which use a varicap to fine-tune the circuits. Varicap diodes are also used in communications systems such as mobile phones, cordless phones and satellite communications. In radio receivers, a varicap diode may be used in the frequency-determining circuits to indirectly change the frequency of the received signal. This is done by changing the effective capacitance of the parallel-resonant circuit, thus changing the resonant frequency of the receiver. Varicap diodes may also be used to up-convert the received frequencies to higher frequencies or to down-convert the frequencies to lower frequencies. In satellite communications, varicap diodes are used to transmit and receive data at various frequencies, and might also be used for frequency shifting or frequency-dependent gain.

Working Principle

When a reverse bias voltage is applied to a varicap diode, the junction capacitance of the diode is changed. This causes the capacitance of the diode to vary, which in turn changes the frequency of oscillation, frequency modulation, and amplitude of the signal controlled by the voltage. The working principle of the varicap diode can be visualized by a depletion layer formed between the depletion region and the junction. When a reverse bias is applied to the P-N junction, the depletion layer is widened. This results in a decrease in the capacitance across the junction, since the capacitance is inversely proportional to the width of the depletion layer.When a voltage is applied to a varicap diode, the depletion layer increases and decreases, thus causing a small current to flow through the diode. This current can be used in various oscillator circuits to help reduce drift and generate a stable frequency.

Advantages

Varicap diodes are widely used in circuit tuning because of their low cost and high performance. They provide precise frequency control in a wide range of applications, from FM radio to satellite communications. They also have low power dissipation, have fast switching time, and have a wide tuning range. Varicap diodes are usually constructed with a metal-tile construction that shields them from external noise and provides a high degree of reliability. They are also very easy to fabricate, making them widely available in low cost.

Conclusion

The GVD30601-001 Variable Capacitance (Varicap, or Varactor) diode is widely used in television, radio, and other applications needing a variable capacitance. The working principle of the varicap diode is based on the reverse-biased connection of the P-N junction and can be used to vary the capacitance to control frequencies, frequency modulation, and amplitude of a signal. Varicap diodes offer precise frequency control with a wide range of applications, are relatively low cost and easy to fabricate, and provide a high degree of reliability.

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