ID82C55A

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The 82C55A is a versatile Peripheral Interface Adapter (PIA) developed to control multiple I/O devices over a small number of bus lines. It can be used as an input/output (I/O) expander to interface between microprocessors and numerous other peripheral devices, such as local/remote analog and digital I/O, sensors, actuators, switches, and paper tape/console units. It provides eight bi-directional I/O lines—A0 through A7—and two 8-bit ports (Port A and Port B) that are configured to control interrupts, handshake lines, memory address scanning, and external devices.

The 82C55A is capable of automatically managing the input/output (I/O) operation for a variety of input devices, including keyboard, mouse, printer, and external memory. A built-in data write strobe (WRTES) ensures that data is written properly and quickly into the 82C55A. It also features various I/O ports to easily interface with external devices. These include bus control lines such as Address/Data Bus (AD), Control Bus (CLK), and Reset (RESET), as well as a Control Word (CW) register and two Interrupt Request (INT-A, INT-B) input lines.

The 82C55A works on a multiplexed bus structure and can access up to sixteen byte-wide slots. Data is transferred over eight 8-bit data lines (A0 to A7) and two 16-bit address lines (A0 to A15). The data and address lines are multiplexed, which means they can be used both as a data bus and an address bus. The 82C55A acts as a slave device on the bus, while the host device provides the bus control.

The 82C55A supports an array of functions, such as recognition of the status of interrupts, automatic data transfer, multiplexed address and data buses, and dynamic interrupt requests. The 82C55A also supports DMA (Direct Memory Access) functionality, allowing it to access contiguous memory locations without intervention from the host processor. This increases the speed of data transfer and reduces overall system time.

The 82C55A utilizes a variety of handshake lines in order to communicate with peripherals. It uses handshake lines to receive status information from the peripheral and can also take action based on the data provided by the peripheral. In addition, it has a programmable mask register to control interrupt requests and a status register to monitor the activity of the peripheral and to ensure proper control flow.

The 82C55A is a versatile peripheral interface adapter with a number of applications. It can be used to add I/O capabilities to a system, as a bus expander to interface a processor to multiple peripherals, as an intelligent I/O bridge between different buses, and as an interface for analog and digital input/output. It is an ideal choice for embedded systems and other low-cost applications.

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