L293B

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Motor drivers, controllers, and other power management integrated circuits (PMICs) are important components in any electronic system. The most popular PMICs are the L293B, a monolithic integrated circuit (IC) containing four independent half H-bridge drivers, designed to manage and control motors of all types. In this article we will look at the application fields and the working principle of the L293B.

Application Fields of the L293B

The L293B is an integrated circuit specifically designed to allow a single IC to drive or control up to four bidirectional dc motors, four winding stepper motors, or other devices that require bidirectional control. It also features on-chip protection and current limiting, eliminating the need to use discrete components to protect against possible unintended current surges.

The L293B is well suited for mobile robots, remote-controlled toys, and other applications which require the motion of the motors to be changed dynamically. The integrated current-limiting capabilities allow the motors to be driven with higher current than is technically possible with discrete components.

The L293B is also useful for applications requiring low-voltage and low-current drive for bipolar stepper motors. It provides a logic interface as well as output current so that a control IC can be used to control the drive signals for the stepper motor. This makes the L293B particularly useful for controlling complex motion sequences with multiple motors.

Working Principle of the L293B

The L293B is a monolithic IC containing four half H-bridges. Each of the half-bridges can provide up to 1A of continuous current, 2A peak current, and can operate at voltage levels up to 18V. The device can be operated in a quasi-complementary mode, allowing each pair of outputs to be used in a push-pull configuration, thus allowing for the control of brush-less dc motors.

The L293B is designed to allow each half-bridge to be driven with a separate control input. The two control inputs to each half-bridge are non-inverting and inverting inputs, allowing the user to control the direction of current flow in that half-bridge. These inputs can be used to control the speed and direction of the motor by applying digital signals of varying frequency and duty cycle.

The L293B also features integrated on-chip protection circuits, which provide short circuit protection, thermal shutdown, and overtemperature protection. These integrated protective features make the L293B a safe and reliable choice for managing current and protecting other devices in the application.

Conclusion

The L293B is a versatile, monolithic IC designed for driving or controlling motors. Its application fields are varied and its working principle highlights the robust and integrated protection circuits that make it an ideal choice for controlling motors in many different types of applications. Its high current capacity, low operating voltage range, and simple interface make this IC a popular choice for motor drive and control ICs in many electronic systems.

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