LH-512

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Optical Sensors, also known as photointerrupters or slot-type logic output devices, are used to detect the presence of an object. The inexpensive and reliable LH-512 is a commonly used one among them. It is a linear optical sensor with a seperate LED emitter and receiver separated by a slot. It works by detecting the interruption of a light beam being emitted by the LED emitter. When an object intrudes between the emitter and receiver, the light beam is interrupted and the output is switched on/off state.

The LH-512 is composed of several components, including an AC electrode for emitting infrared light, a photodiode sensor for receiving the emitted light, a circuit protecting diode, a transimpedance amplifier, a comparator, and two signal outputs, one in the form of an open collector buffer for the open output status, and another for a closed output status. It has a maximum rated voltage of 24V and a maximum rated continuous operating voltage of 12V, with a power consumption of approximately 20mW. The actual output voltage range is between 0 to 2.5V with a minimum load of 2V.

To operate, an alternating current is supplied to the optical sensor through the AC electrode. This causes the diode to emit infrared light in a specific pattern, which is detected by the photodiode sensor. When the light beam is interrupted by an object, the light no longer reaches the photodiode which sends a positive voltage to the transimpedance amplifier. The output from the amplifier is then sent to the comparator, which compares it with a reference voltage to decide whether to send a "ON" or "OFF" signal. Finally, the output signal is sent out through either the open collector buffer or the closed output depending on whether the output is OFF or ON.

The LH-512 has several advantages, the most obvious being its affordability. It is also small and lightweight, meaning it can be easily integrated into existing systems without taking up too much space or weight. Additionally, it has excellent detectability, meaning it is not affected by dirt or dust around the emitter and sensor, and is highly reliable. It is used in a wide range of applications, particularly those where optical switching or sensing is needed, such as switching or counting mechanical parts, checking the presence of objects, or positioning systems.

In conclusion, the LH-512 optical sensor is an affordable and reliable choice for applications that require optical sensing or switching. It is made up of several components and works by using a light beam emitted by an AC electrode which is then detected by the photodiode sensor. When the light beam is interrupted by an object, it changes the voltage outputs that are then sent to the comparator, which ultimately leads to either an ON or OFF output signal. This makes it a highly dependable and accurate way to detect the presence of objects.

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