M39003/01-5095/TR

Tantalum Capacitors

Tantalum capacitors are electrolytic capacitors, often referred to as tantalum electrolytic capacitors or simply tantalum caps., that contain a layer of tantalum between two conductive electrodes. Tantalum capacitors are prized for their small size, superior performance, and long life. They offer higher capacitance per volume than other capacitors, making them an attractive choice for applications requiring a high-density package.

M39003/01-5095/TR Application Field and Working Principle

M39003/01-5095/TR capacitors are designed for use in demanding commercial, military, and aerospace applications where space, weight, and chance of failure are a major concern. These devices are suitable for surface mount applications in environmental conditions with temperatures ranging from –60 °C to +125 °C.

Basically, the M39003/01-5095/TR capacitor comprises an anode (a cylindrical tantalum metal plate), a cathode (a thin alkaline-resistant coating on the tantalum metal plate), and a dielectric—typically a combination of an organic-inorganic composite film and electrolytic solution. The dielectric provides electrical insulation and prevents short-circuiting between the electrodes. The anode and cathode are connected to leads that allow the capacitor to be soldered and electrically connected to a circuit. The diameter of the anode, the shape of the dielectric, and the quality of the leads all affect the performance of the capacitor.

When a voltage is applied between the anode and cathode of an M39003/01-5095/TR capacitor, the current starts to flow, causing the charge carriers (ions) to migrate from the electrolyte and accumulate on the anode. At the same time, the electric field caused by the current will induce an opposite charge on the cathode. When the voltage reaches a certain level (the rated voltage), the anode and cathode can store enough charge that they may set up a self-circuiting, which will shut down the capacitor and end its use.

Tantalum capacitors also feature low leakage current, low impedance due to the buffering and shielding properties of the tantalum anode, high reactance, and high reliability. They are often used in applications where the device must remain operational in heavy shock and vibration, and are widely used in military and aerospace electronics.