M39003/03-2011

Tantalum capacitors, also known as tantalum electrolytic capacitors, are polarized capacitors that use tantalum as the anode material. They are available in a variety of shapes and sizes, offering a variety of characteristics that are ideal for different applications. The M39003/03-2011 standard provides basic information about the application field, working principle, and environmental aspects of these components.

Application Field

Tantalum capacitors can be used in a wide range of applications, ranging from lighting and automotive applications to industrial automation and communications. They are particularly well-suited for use in power supply circuits, electronic circuit controllers, and digital signal processing applications. Tantalum capacitors offer high performance, high reliability, and low ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) values, making them an ideal choice for these applications.

Working Principle

The working principle of a tantalum capacitor is based on the formation of a thin, conductive oxide film on the anode. When a voltage is applied to the capacitor, the formed oxide layer serves as a dielectric barrier, which shields the anode from the cathode. The charge exchange between the anode and the cathode is limited to electric field and thus, the capacitance is determined by the size of the oxide film and the distance between the two electrodes.

Tantalum capacitors are further characterized according to their construction. The three types of tantalum capacitors are aluminum electrolytic-tantalum (Al/Ta), niobium-tantalum (Nb/Ta), and solid tantalum (Ta) capacitors. Each type has its own advantages and applications.

Environmental Considerations

Tantalum capacitors are able to operate in a wide range of temperatures and environments, however, their performance and reliability can vary significantly depending on the environmental conditions. Some capacitors are manufactured with special coating or plating to reduce vulnerability to moisture and corrosion. Manufacturers must take into account environmental considerations such as moisture, high temperature, and vibration when designing a product that will use tantalum capacitors.

The M39003/03-2011 standard provides comprehensive guidance for the application field and working principle of tantalum capacitors, and is an essential tool for manufacturers and design engineers who wish to take full advantage of this versatile technology.