Tantalum capacitors employ an electrolyte to create an energy storage for a device. A tantalum capacitor consist of a polymer or any organic dielectric material and two metallic plates – an anode and a cathode. The anode plate is made from tantalum, and it is covered with a tungsten oxide film. The cathode plate is made from pure manganese dioxide. The terminals of the capacitor are polarized, and the operating voltage is 2-200V.

One of the most popular versions of tantalum capacitors is the M39003/03-4047. This type of capacitor is a surface-mounted tantalum chip capacitor with a solid polymer electrolyte. It is designed to be useful in applications requiring a high temperature operation range, as it is made out of tantalum and tungsten oxide, which are both extremely heat resistant materials.

The working principle behind the M39003/03-4047 is fairly straightforward. When a DC voltage is applied across the capacitor, a current is generated through the anode and cathode plates that produce an electrical field. This field causes the dielectric material between the plates to change in permittivity, storing energy in the form of a charge. When the voltage is removed, the current stops flowing and the stored energy is then released back into the circuit.

M39003/03-4047 capacitors are commonly used in power supply regulation, voltage stabilization, pulse power supply, and radio frequency signals. They are also used in high frequency, high frequency switching circuits, and in medical equipment. These capacitors have a wide range of applications due to their substantial temperature range and their superior durability.