MC68302EH16C

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1. Introduction

   The MC68302EH16C is an embedded microprocessor sold and manufactured by Freescale Semiconductor, formerly known as Motorola. Its primary purpose is to provide embedded applications with autonomous processing ability, allowing them to run independently without being dependent on another processor. It is a 32-bit device, running at a frequency of up to 32 MHz.

2. Application Field

   The MC68302EH16C can be found in a multitude of embedded applications, from complex scientific equipment to consumer electronics. It is particularly well suited for those applications that require a great amount of internal data processing power and high throughput. Common applications of the MC68302EH16C include industrial controllers, telecommunications systems, medical equipment, and automotive controllers.

3. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

   At the heart of the MC68302EH16C lies its central processing unit (CPU). The CPU is the main processing unit that executes instructions based on the program it has been supplied with. The CPU of the MC68302EH16C is a 32-bit device capable of executing instructions latencies of up to eight-cycle instruction set. It is capable of running at different frequencies, from 2 MHz to a maximum of 32 MHz.

   The CPU is organized as four independent 8-bit registers, designated A0-A3. The four registers are used for program counter, stack pointer, address register, and data pointer. The 32-bit address bus and the 8-bit data bus are used to access memory and I/O pins.

4. Memory Structure

   The MC68302EH16C possesses a memory structure composed of an integrated memory controller and on-chip system memory. The integrated memory controller allows direct interfacing with RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory) and SRAM (Static RAM). The integrated system memory contains a 32Kbyte RAM, a 128Kbyte ROM and an 8Kbyte SRAM.

   The memory structure is integrated into the CPU, giving applications direct access to the RAM, ROM, and SRAM operating at its peak performance even at the highest frequencies. This allows for the use of real-time data processing within applications, eliminating the need for external hardware or other microprocessors.

5. I/O Structure

   The MC68302EH16C contains an array of peripheral I/O pins designed to allow execution of external operations as well as communication between devices. The I/O pins are divided into four banks, each containing up to 16 pins. These pins can be configured to operate in various modes such as serial, parallel and asynchronous communication.

   The I/O pins can also be used to access external memory, allowing the external memory to be used as RAM or ROM. This is especially useful for applications that require a large amount of memory, as external memory can be added for storage rather than relying on the limited on-chip memory.

6. Power Consumption

   The MC68302EH16C consumes remarkably little power, especially compared to its more power-hungry predecessors. Even when running at its highest frequency of 32 MHz, it consumes only 0.3 watts. This makes it an ideal choice for embedded applications where power efficiency is a priority.

7. Conclusion

   The MC68302EH16C is an embedded microprocessor ideal for embedded applications such as industrial controllers and medical equipment. It has a 32-bit CPU running at up to 32 MHz, an integrated memory controller, an array of peripheral I/O pins, and remarkably low power consumption. These features make it an ideal choice for embedded applications with high performance and low power requirements.

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