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MP24971DS-LF-Z Application Field and Working Principle

MP24971DS-LF-Z is a synchronous DC/DC Step-Down Converter from Monolithic Power Systems, belonging to its portfolio of products in the Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC) category. This PMIC is a voltage regulator, particularly a DC/DC switching regulator.

As a synchronized switch-mode DC/DC step-down converter, the MP24971DS-LF-Z uses synchronous rectification technology to reduce power loss and allow the device to operate at higher duty cycles while maintaining high efficiency across the entire operating range. This device runs at a switching frequency of 550 kHz and a maximum output current of 8 A. It is designed to operate from an input voltage level of 4.5 V to 28 V, and provides a regulated output voltage of 0.8 V – 17 V. It features a fast output voltage tracking, input under-voltage lockout, output over voltage protection, over-current protection, and thermal shutdown.

The IC also includes a Function Control Interface (FCI). This is a low-side ENABLE pin that sets the device state. When ENABLE is low, the device is disabled and sets itself in an ultra-low current state. By setting this pin high, the device will enter a normal operating mode. This allows the device to work more efficiently as it can be switched on and off as needed.

MP24971DS-LF-Z has a number of applications and can be used for small and portable systems requiring high efficiency, high switching frequency and compact solutions such as LED drivers, automotive, and other DC motor applications.The device is powered by a simple input voltage filtered through a few inductors and capacitors and then supplied with an output voltage to the load. The energy from the input voltage is transferred to the output voltage through a few intermediary stages. These stages are the control stage, enabling the control of the switching frequency, along with the high side MOSFET switch, the RT delay circuit that provides cross-conduction protection for the MOSFET switches, the error amplifier, and the low side MOSFET switch. Other features built into the IC are the oscillator, the dead time control, the feedback comparator, and the soft start circuit.

The control stage uses the PWM ramp generated by the oscillator to close the high side MOSFET at each cycle. When this happens, the current starts to increase in the inductor until the output reaches the set point. At that moment, the output comparator resets the PWM ramp, triggering the low side MOSFET to close instead, discharging the capacitor and resetting the inductor to the starting position. In this manner, the inductor ensures that the current is transferred from the input to the output voltage, and the PWM keeps controlling the output voltage.

It is important to note that the MP24971DS-LF-Z is a highly efficient DC/DC step-down converter, and its switching frequency, over-current protection, output tracking and other features make it suitable for many different applications.

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