The NV8664ST50T3GEVB is an evaluation board for a linear voltage regulator. This board is commonly used to evaluate the characteristics of a voltage regulator, allowing users to understand the essential information to select a suitable regulator for a given application. It is made up of a simple circuit with a linear regulator, components, traces, power supply and test bus connector to easily evaluate the voltage regulator performance in the circuit.

Linear Voltage Regulators (LVRs) are the most basic type of power supply used in a range of electrical systems. They work by taking a higher voltage input and regulating the output voltage to a lower, fixed value. This is done by passing current through an active component which dissipates energy in the form of heat, which is why linear regulators must be chosen carefully for their lower heat generation properties as well as their linear output voltage stability.

The NV8664ST50T3GEVB is particularly well suited to applications that require high accuracy and low noise levels. Its 50mV fixed output voltage is particularly useful for applications involving delicate circuitry and sensitive devices such as clocks, microprocessors, and memory. The board also features a wide power supply range of up to 24V, enabling it to work in a variety of scenarios. In addition, it boasts a set temperature coefficient of +/-0.01%/°C, making it ideal for temperature regulated applications.

As for its working principle, the NV8664ST50T3GEVB operates similarly to any linear regulator. When the input voltage exceeds the output voltage, the input electric current passes through a voltage regulator. This activated component then regulates the current flow to the output voltage which is set to the required fixed value. The input voltage is monitored and in the instance that the output voltage is too low, the regulator will adjust to a higher voltage until the output voltage is restored.

Overall the NV8664ST50T3GEVB is a versatile evaluation board as it is suitable for a range of linear voltage regulation applications. It is capable of operating with a wide power supply range and provides a stable output voltage with a set temperature coefficient. Additionally, the board is also available in a through-hole package for easy integration into existing systems.