POWER ADAPTOR

Power adapters provide a safe and fast way to supply a device with the power it needs. They are used to convert AC/DC or DC/DC voltages to make them suitable for various power devices. Power adapters are classified into several types of power converters, such as AC-DC desktop adapters, wall adapters and more. In this article we will focus on the application fields and working principles of power adapter.

AC-DC Desktop Adapters

AC-DC desktop adapters are designed specifically for powering computer devices such as notebooks, laptops, and desktop computers. These adaptors have a high power rating and are typically used to convert high voltage AC power from the mains to the lower DC power required by these devices. The input voltage of these adapters is usually 110V-250V AC, while the output voltage is usually 12V-20V DC.

AC-DC desktop power adapters use a full-wave rectifier or a switching power supply to provide isolated AC-DC conversion. The device will also use voltage regulation to ensure that the output voltage remains constant despite fluctuations in the input voltage. This helps to maintain the stability of the output voltage.

Wall Adapters

Wall adapters are used to power devices that require the same voltage as in a standard wall outlet, such as a smartphone charger. The input voltage of these adapters is usually 110V-250V AC, while the output voltage is usually 5V, 9V or 12V DC. Wall adapters come in a variety of sizes and can provide power to a variety of devices.

Wall adapters typically use a buck-boost converter circuit to provide regulated and isolated AC-DC conversion. This circuit consists of a power transistor and transformers. The power transistor will regulate the output voltage of the adapter regardless of the fluctuation in the input voltage and ensure that the output voltage remains constant.

Furthermore, wall adapters typically include a safety feature to protect against overload and short circuit. This feature will automatically shut off the adapter if the current exceeds a certain limit.

Conclusion

Power adapters are necessary devices to convert AC/DC or DC/DC voltages for various power devices. AC-DC desktop adapters are used to power computer devices such as notebooks, laptops and desktop computers, while wall adapters are used to supply the same voltage as in a standard wall outlet. Both types of adapters use a full wave rectifier or a switching power supply, along with voltage regulation, to provide safe and reliable power to the devices they power.