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DC DC Converters

A DC-DC converter is an electronic component or subsystem intended to convert one DC voltage level to another often with the help of a transformer, providing electrical isolation in addition to voltage conversion. Different types of DC-DC converters exist, such as DC-DC buck converters, DC-DC boost converters, and DC-DC buck-boost converters.

QBDW033A0B41Z Application Field and Working Principle

The QBDW033A0B41Z by Quick Power is an integrated DC-DC converter. It is composed of a voltage regulator and gate driver, and a polyphase MOSFET switch unit with on-chip gate driver and direct-coupled synchronous rectifier. It is suitable for automotive DC-DC conversion application, covering a wide voltage input range from 4.75 to 70V and an output range from 0.8 to 5.5V.

The QBDW033A0B41Z integrates a PWM controller in a non-volatile memory (NVM) with a MOSFET gate driver in one package. The controller can work in 4 modes: standard PWM current mode control; spread spectrum PWM; spread spectrum peak current mode control; and pulse frequency modulation (PFM). It has various protections, including over current protection (OCP), over voltage protection (OVP), under voltage protection (UVP) and short-circuit protection (SCP).

The working principle of the QBDW033A0B41Z hinges on pulse width modulation (PWM). Inside the switching converter, the high current of the input power is switched in discrete periods of time at high frequency. By adjusting the proportion of this “on” time to “off” time, the ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage (or current) is dynamically adjusted over a large range. The frequency of the PWM can be varied based on the peak current to minimize the losses of the converter.

Apart from the automotive field, the QBDW033A0B41Z can be used in other application fields to realize a smooth conversion from higher-voltage power sources (AC or DC) to low voltages that are suitable for powering the load. It is suitable for 5V or 12V powers in various fields such as industrial applications, LED lighting, solar systems, grid-tied inverters, and power supplies.

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