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Rotary Potentiometers, Rheostats, are widely used in many different applications ranging from audio volume control systems to industrial motor speed control systems. Generally speaking, potention stats, usually referred to as pots, are adjustable passive two-terminal electronic components used to measure and control the current or voltage in a circuit. Potention stats are commonly used as volume controls for tone, brightness and power controls for televisions and radios, and adjustments in motor speed in milling machines and 3D printers.

The basic operating principle of a rotary potentiometer or rheostat is the same as other resistors. As the contact moves along the resistance element - typically carbon or wire wound - an electrical current flows and the resistance increases from zero to the maximum set value. As the resistance increases, the voltage levels also increase in the outgoing signal.

The greater the number of turns of resistance element, the larger the range of resistance. A three-terminal potention stat, sometimes known as a trimmer, is slightly different from the standard two-terminal potentiometer in that it includes an additional set of terminals that accesses the internal resistance. This provides greater flexibility in the use of the device as it can be adjusted by means of a small screwdriver, making it especially useful for fine adjustments.

Rheostats are commonly used in audio and video equipment, medical and laboratory equipment, and for controlling the levels of light. They are also used in industrial applications such as electric motors, fluid control, and machine tool control. Many home appliances, such as coffee makers, also use rheostats for temperature control.

The main differences between a potentiometer and a rheostat lie in their purpose and how they are used. Potentiometers are generally used to measure or control the voltage in a circuit, while rheostats are commonly used to adjust the current in a circuit. Rheostats also have the added capability of being able to make fine adjustments in comparison to PMs. Finally, the construction of the two devices is also different. Potention stats have only two terminals, whereas rheostats have three.

In conclusion, rotary potentiometers and rheostats are popular and versatile electronic components used in a wide variety of applications. While both devices measure the level of the voltage or current in a circuit, rheostats are often used to make finer adjustments. The construction of a potentiometer and a rheostat is also different, with the former having two terminals and the latter having three.

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