V104YLF

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The V104YLF galvanic isolation opto-coupler is a member of a family of optoelectronic devices often referred to as digital opto-isolators. An opto-isolator is a device that allows electrical signals to be sent between one unit and another while isolating the two circuits electrically. Using an opto-coupler ensures that electricity like static electricity generated by one unit will not interfere with the signals being sent to the other unit, increasing the reliability and accuracy of the signals.

Application Field

V104YLF isolators are mainly used in computer peripheral interfaces and data communication. Application examples include RS-232, RS-422 and RS-485 serial data interfaces, I2C and SMBus systems, the 5 Volt TTL of the PC/104 family and other standard logic systems, as well as digital voice circuits, and telephone applications.

In most cases, digital isolation is needed to protect both sides of any isolated digital data transmission. Since digital isolation also has a high frequency bandwidth, V104YLF isolation devices are also used in other applications such as video distribution and industrial control systems.

Working Principle

The basic operating principle of an opto-isolator is to convert digital electrical signals or data into light or infrared energy, transmit it across an optically-isolated barrier (usually a piece of plastic or glass), and then convert the light or infrared energy back into electrical signals on the other side. The result is an ability to send electrical signals across an isolated barrier with no electrical connection at all between the two side. The V104YLF opto-coupler uses LED’s (light emitting diodes) on one side to emit invisible infrared light which is transmitted to the other side, where it is detected by a phototransistor.

The LED is activated by an input signal that is typically 5 volts. The LED current then produces light in the infrared range that is directed across the plastic spacer to the phototransistor. The phototransistor is formed by two back-to-back diodes whose base is connected to the collector via a resistor. When the infrared light from the LED strikes the phototransistor, it activates the phototransistor.

The output of the phototransistor will then be in the form of an electrical signal that was generated from the input signal. The original signal is now the output of the opto-isolator. As the input signal is isolated from the internal mechanism of the opto-isolator, it is possible to electrically isolate the output of the isolated system even when a low voltage power supply is used.

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